Alena Mudroch

Jose M. Azcue

Paul Mudroch

Because water is one of the most important life-supporting media on the planet, the quality of aquatic ecosystems is of great interest to the entire world population. One of the factors that greatly affects water quality is the condition of the underlying sediment layer. The Manual of Physico-Chemical Analysis of Aquatic Sediments addresses the best methods for quantitative determination of chemical forms of different elements and compounds, bioassessment techniques, and determination of physical properties of sediments. Essential information for surveying, research, and monitoring of sediment contamination is covered. This manual will aid sediment biologists, geochemists, limnologists, regulatory program managers, environmental chemists and toxicologists and environmental consultants in preparing plans for proper remedial action.

Manual of Physico-Chemical Analysis of Aquatic Sediments

Little attention has been paid to the techniques for aquatic sediment sampling in the scientific literature dealing with environmental issues. With increasing interest in aquatic sediments as a sink source of contaminants in aquatic ecosystems, it has been recognized that sediment sampling is a complex and poorly documented discipline. No standardized methods exist to preserve the integrity of sediment and, particularly, sediment pore water, during sampling for different analyses and biological testing for assessment of sediment quality. A practical guide presenting the various methods available would prove extremely valuable. This is that guide. The book begins with a description of the objectives of sediment sampling for different purposes and planning of sampling programs. Most commonly used and readily available samplers and sampling techniques are explained for routine monitoring of sediment contamination and studies of sediment quality. Sample handling, transport, and storage are outlined relevant to the subsequent use of the collected sediments in physico-chemical analysis and biological testing. Measurements and notes of observations in the field during collection of sediments are described. Methods and equipment for collection of sediment pore water are detailed, and the efficiency, cost, and safety involved in sediment sampling are considered. The Manual of Aquatic Sediment Sampling contains examples, figures, and tables to enhance the reader's understanding of the material and of the importance of choosing proper techniques in sediment sampling programs. For each topic, recent citations are included from specialized literature. The Manual of Aquatic Sediment Sampling contains many examples, figures, and tables which will help the reader to understand the importance of choosing proper techniques in sediment sampling programs, and will provide a guide to preparation and execution of such programs.

Manual of Aquatic Sediment Sampling

Ulrich Stottmeister

Christopher Kennedy

Helmut Klapper

Christopher Kennedy University of Toronto, Department of Civil Engineering, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S IA4 Coal is a valuable resource. It provides a significant amount of the World's energy supply and it is the basis for many industries. However, in areas where coal lies close to the Earth's surface and has been exploited by open cast tech niques, radical alterations of landscape and significant impacts on the envi ronment have occurred. This report was prepared to provide guidance to those who are responsible for the prevention of environmental effects from surface mining and for the restoration of the mining areas. Environmental problems of surface coal mining and restoration of the mine sites are discussed in the re port. Particular attention is given to Eastern Europe, which continues to be a major centre of opencast lignite mining. Reclamation of mined lands for for estry, agriculture and wildlife is briefly discussed. However, the shear volume of coal removed from many mines in Eastern Europe is so vast, that there is often insufficient overburden material to refill the pits. Consequently, the main focus of this report is on the creation of lakes in these former surface mines. Many problems have to be overcome in creating healthy lakes for recreation or wildlife. Guidelines for treating water quality problems and further devel opment of lakes are provided. Techniques for dealing with acidic, waters, eutrophication and contamination are discussed.

Alena Mudroch

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