Alfreda Murck

Kim Karlsson

Ching-Ling Wang

The secret language of Chinese landscape painting A genre dating back more than 1,000 years, China's landscape painting tradition reflects all of its cultural and intellectual history, and its representational language famously follows its own rules. What at first glance seem to be idyllic ink-wash pictures actually depict far more than romantic landscapes. Through subtle allusions and references, Chinese landscape painters were able to convey a whole range of messages, from social positions to political opposition, all the way to philosophical observations and very personal feelings. This splendid illustrated volume unlocks these codes and juxtaposes important historical works with landscape paintings by internationally renowned modern and contemporary artists. The dialogue between past and present reveals surprising links, but also ruptures and conflicts.

Longing for Nature: Reading Landscapes in Chinese Art

Wen Fong

In May of 1985, an international symposium was held at The Metropolitan Museum of Art in honor of John M. Crawford, Jr., whose gifts of Chinese calligraphy and painting have constituted a significant addition to the Museum's holdings. Over a three-day period, senior scholars from China, Japan, Taiwan, Europe, and the United States expressed a wide range of perspectives on an issue central to the history of Chinese visual aesthetics: the relationships between poetry, calligraphy, and painting. The practice of integrating the three art forms-known as san-chiieh, or the three perfections-in one work of art emerged during the Sung and Yuan dynasties largely in the context of literati culture, and it has stimulated lively critical discussion ever since. This publication contains twenty-three essays based on the papers presented at the Crawford symposium. Grouped by subject matter in a roughly chronological order, these essays reflect research on topics spanning two millennia of Chinese history. The result is an interdisciplinary exploration of the complex set of relationships between words and images by art historians, literary historians, and scholars of calligraphy. Their findings provide us with a new level of understanding of this rich and complicated subject and suggest further directions for the study of Chinese art history. The essays are accompanied by 255 illustrations, some of which reproduce works rarely published. Chinese characters have been provided throughout the text for artists names, terms, titles of works of art and literature, and important historical figures, as well as for excerpts of selected poetry and prose. A chronology, also containing Chinese characters, and an extensive index contribute to making this book illuminating and invaluable to both the specialist and the layman.

Chinese Poetry, Calligraphy, and Painting

Words and Images

"Accompanies the exhibition of the same name: Museum Rietberg Zürich, 15 February to 16 June 2013".-- National Library of Canada.

Mao's Golden Mangoes and the Cultural Revolution

Throughout the history of imperial China, the educated elite used various means to criticize government policies and actions. During the Song dynasty (960-1278), some members of this elite found an elegant and subtle means of dissent: landscape painting. By examining literary archetypes, the titles of paintings, contemporary inscriptions, and the historical context, Alfreda Murck shows that certain paintings expressed strong political opinions--some transparent, others deliberately concealed. She argues that the coding of messages in seemingly innocuous paintings was an important factor in the growing respect for painting among the educated elite and that the capacity of painting’s systems of reference to allow scholars to express dissent with impunity contributed to the art’s vitality and longevity.

The Subtle Art of Dissent

Poetry and Painting in Song China

During the Song dynasty (960-1278), some of China's elite found an elegant and subtle means of dissent: landscape painting. By examining literary archetypes, painting titles, contemporary inscriptions, and the historical context, Murck shows that certain paintings expressed strong political opinions--some transparent, others deliberately concealed.

Alfreda Murck

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