Josef Bayer

Andreas Trotzke

Syntactic complexity has always been a matter of intense investigation in formal linguistics. Since complex syntax is clearly evidenced by sentential embedding and since embedding of one clause/phrase in another is taken to signal recursivity of the grammar, the capacity of computing syntactic complexity is of central interest to the recent hypothesis that syntactic recursion is the defining property of natural language. In the light of more recent claims according to which complex syntax is not a universal property of all living languages, the issue of how to detect and define syntactic complexity has been revived with a combination of classical and new arguments. This volume contains contributions about the formal complexity of natural language, about specific issues of clausal embedding, and about syntactic complexity in terms of grammar-external interfaces in the domain of language acquisition.

Syntactic Complexity across Interfaces

Roland Hinterhölzl

Until recently, little attention has been paid within syntax to components of discourse meaning that go beyond information structure and fall into the domain of non-at-issue meaning operating at the level of illocutionary force. To approach this domain, many of the contributions of this volume deal with the syntax of discourse particles. However, the issue of how to account for discourse particles within a more explicit map of the illocutionary domain is a good starting point for considering further phenomena related to the syntax of speech acts. By focusing on speech-act related particles and/or meaning domains, this volume makes a new contribution to the field, as existing collections either do not offer a comparatively narrow focus on particles or are not limited to syntax-oriented approaches. The primary audience of this volume are researchers and graduate students interested in state-of-the-art approaches to the syntax-discourse interface within the cartographic approach to syntax.

Discourse-oriented Syntax

This book reconsiders the linguistic notion of emphasis. For many, the concept of emphasis is confined to information structure. However, our understanding of the grammatical reflexes of emphasis is only partial as long as the expressive side of utterances is not taken into account. The book explores similarities, differences, and interactions between information structure and the expressive dimension of language in the domain of natural language grammar. Specifically, this monograph demonstrates that specific word order options, sometimes in combination with discourse particles, yield meaning effects that are typical for the expressive side of utterances and endow them with an exclamative flavor. Approaching this issue from a syntactic point of view, the book shows that there are syntactic categories (e.g., a certain class of particle verbs) and word orders (e.g., certain fronting patterns involving discourse particles) that directly connect to expressive meaning components. The work presented in this monograph combines theoretical analysis with experimental evidence from both perception and production studies.

From Information Structure to the Expressive Dimension

The Grammar of Emphasis

Xavier Villalba

This volume is the first to explore the formal linguistic expressions of emotions at different levels of linguistic complexity. It brings together work from different linguistic frameworks and sheds light on the interaction between linguistic expressions and the 'expressive dimension' of language.

Expressive Meaning Across Linguistic Levels and Frameworks

Ein grundlegendes Erkenntnisinteresse der Sprachwissenschaft bestand schon immer darin, den evolutionären Ursprung der menschlichen Sprache zu erforschen. Dieses Studienbuch bietet eine Einführung in dieses neu auflebende Forschungsfeld, indem es die vielfältigen Forschungsansätze einordnet, gegenüberstellt sowie kritisch abwägt. Hierbei wird besonderer Wert auf die Darstellung der wachsenden Zusammenarbeit zwischen der Linguistik und der Verhaltens- sowie Neurobiologie gelegt. Das Buch bietet eine Orientierung, indem es die zahlreichen Ansätze zwei grundlegenden Positionen zuordnet. Zum einen formulieren Forscher die Hypothese, die Sprachfähigkeit stelle einen Unterscheid qualitativer Art dar. Zum anderen wird betont, die menschliche Sprachfähigkeit zeichne sich gerade dadurch aus, dass sie in ihrer Komplexität in sehr kleinen graduellen Schritten entstanden sei und es daher keinen abrupten Bruch zu anderen Spezies gebe. Das Studienbuch diskutiert die sprachtheoretischen Grundlagen beider Positionen, zeigt Möglichkeiten der experimentellen Überprüfung auf und gibt kommentierte Bibliografien an die Hand. Obwohl sich das Thema der Sprachevolution großer Beliebtheit erfreut, fehlt bislang eine deutschsprachige Einführung.

Andreas Trotzke

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