Antonio Damasio

A resposta habitual a esta pergunta remete para a excecional inteligência humana, auxiliada por uma faculdade ímpar: a linguagem. Em A Estranha Ordem das Coisas, António Damásio proporciona uma resposta diferente. Ele afirma que os sentimentos - de dor, sofrimento ou prazer antecipado - foram as forças motrizes primordiais do empreendimento cultural, os mecanismos que impulsionaram o intelecto humano na direção da cultura. Além disso, propõe que os sentimentos monitorizaram o sucesso ou o fracasso das nossas invenções culturais e permanecem, ainda hoje, envolvidos nas operações subjacentes ao processo cultural, para o melhor e para o pior. A interação favorável e desfavorável de sentimento e razão deve ser reconhecida se quisermos compreender os conflitos e as contradições que afligem a condição humana, desde os dramas humanos pessoais até às crises políticas.

A Estranha Ordem Das Coisas

A Manifesto on Consciousness

Feeling, Being, and Knowing

Sentire e conoscere. Storia delle menti coscienti

A leading neuroscientist explores with authority, with imagination, and with unparalleled mastery how the brain constructs the mind and how the brain makes that mind conscious. Antonio Damasio has spent the past thirty years researching and and revealing how the brain works. Here, in his most ambitious and stunning work yet, he rejects the long-standing idea that consciousness is somehow separate from the body, and presents compelling new scientific evidence that posits an evolutionary perspective. His view entails a radical change in the way the history of the conscious mind is viewed and told, suggesting that the brain’s development of a human self is a challenge to nature’s indifference. This development helps to open the way for the appearance of culture, perhaps one of our most defining characteristics as thinking and self-aware beings.

Constructing the Conscious Brain

Self Comes to Mind

Since Descartes famously proclaimed, "I think, therefore I am," science has often overlooked emotions as the source of a person’s true being. Even modern neuroscience has tended, until recently, to concentrate on the cognitive aspects of brain function, disregarding emotions. This attitude began to change with the publication of Descartes’ Error in 1995. Antonio Damasio—"one of the world’s leading neurologists" (The New York Times)—challenged traditional ideas about the connection between emotions and rationality. In this wondrously engaging book, Damasio takes the reader on a journey of scientific discovery through a series of case studies, demonstrating what many of us have long suspected: emotions are not a luxury, they are essential to rational thinking and to normal social behavior.

Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain

Descartes' Error

Miloš Judaš

tijelo, emocije i postanak svijesti

Osjećaj zbivanja

A leading neuroscientist addresses key questions about the origins and mechanisms of human consciousness, drawing on decades of research to challenge beliefs about the separateness of consciousness from the body while presenting a revisionist perspective built on traditional approaches. By the author of Descartes' Error. Reprint.

«Qualsiasi teoria cerchi di spiegare l’esistenza delle menti e della coscienza ignorando il sistema nervoso è destinata al fallimento ... D’altra parte, qualsiasi teoria si appoggi “esclusivamente” sul sistema nervoso ... è destinata a fallire anch’essa». Riprendendo e rielaborando le acquisizioni della sua ricerca sperimentale, Antonio Damasio condensa qui, in un’incalzante esposizione, ogni aspetto dell’«intelligenza biologica» che caratterizza gli organismi viventi. In particolare, analizzando i passaggi evolutivi attraverso i quali si sono via via differenziate le varie forme di quell’intelligenza, delinea in modo inedito la differenza tra «concetti insidiosi» come mente e coscienza, ridimensiona l’incidenza filogenetica del linguaggio – ancora egemone in tante teorie – nell’emergere del processo cosciente, e chiarisce come l’obiettivo di costruire «macchine capaci di sentire» debba seguire la strada di una robotica e di un’intelligenza artificiale capaci di sostituire strutture rigide con altre sempre più flessibili e regolabili. Ma soprattutto, nel rimarcare i «traguardi esclusivi» raggiunti dalla nostra specie, Damasio ci ricorda come i «fondamentali dispositivi» di cui ci siamo serviti non siano che trasformazioni e aggiornamenti di meccanismi già utilizzati da altre forme di vita, in una lunga storia di successi individuali e sociali.

Storia delle menti coscienti

Sentire e conoscere

Das neue Buch von Bestsellerautor Antonio Damasio: Wie die Gefühle unsere Kultur prägen Wie ist der Mensch zum Menschen geworden – und wie ist all das entstanden, was wir Kultur nennen? Der weltbekannte Neurowissenschaftler Antonio Damasio hat eine verblüffende Erklärung: Nicht Verstand und Intellekt, sondern die Gefühle haben dabei die entscheidende Rolle gespielt. Ein neuer, aufregender Blick auf die Fundamente menschlicher Zivilisation.

Der biologische Ursprung menschlicher Kultur

Im Anfang war das Gefühl

In the centuries since Descartes famously proclaimed, 'I think, therefore I am,' science has often overlooked emotions as the source of a person's true being. Even modern neuroscience has tended until recently to concentrate on the cognitive aspects of brain function, disregarding emotions. This attitude began to change with the publication of Descartes' Error. Antonio Damasio challenged traditional ideas about the connection between emotions and rationality. In this wonderfully engaging book, Damasio takes the reader on a journey of scientific discovery through a series of case studies, demonstrating what many of us have long suspected: emotions are not a luxury, they are essential to rational thinking and to normal social behaviour.

Emotion, Reason and the Human Brain

Was macht uns zum Menschen? Antonio Damasio schafft die Verbindung von Philosophie und Hirnforschung zu einer erstaunlichen Theorie des Bewusstseins "Wie wir denken, wie wir fühlen" bringt Antonio Damasios Lebensthemen auf den Punkt: In glänzend geschriebenen kurzen Kapiteln führt er uns vom Beginn des Lebens auf der Erde hin zu einem umfassenden Verständnis dessen, was uns im Innersten ausmacht – Verstand, aber auch: Emotion. Was ist Bewusstsein? Kaum eine Frage rührt so sehr an den Kern des Menschseins. Seit Jahrhunderten wird sie von Philosophen gestellt, seit Neuerem bemühen sich auch die Naturwissenschaften um Antworten. Antonio Damasio, gefeierter Sachbuchautor und einer der renommiertesten Neurowissenschaftler der Welt, verbindet Erkenntnisse aus Philosophie und Hirnforschung, aus Evolutions- und Neurobiologie, aus Psychologie und KI-Forschung zu einer originellen Theorie des Bewusstseins.

Die Ursprünge unseres Bewusstseins

Wie wir denken, wie wir fühlen

Kniha Hledání Spinozy se tématicky pohybuje na pomezí neurobiologie, kognitivní a afektivní neurovědy a filosofie. Je napsána přístupně, srozumitelně, odborný jazyk je použit v nejmenší možné míře. Tato kniha je určena vzdělané veřejnosti, nejen lékařům a psychologům, ale i filosofům, novinářům – komukoli, kdo chce lépe porozumět jak sobě, tak lidem kolem sebe. Zabývá se každodenními lidskými emocemi a pocity – radostí, strastí, žárlivostí i úžasem, láskou, nenávistí, hněvem, hnusem… V Descartesově omylu se Damasio zabýval vlivem emocí na rozumové chování, v knize The Feeling of What Happens zkoumal pocity jako podklad sebeuvědomování. V této knize popisuje vztah emocí, tj. objektivních událostí, k pocitům – událostem niterným, subjektivním. Damasio fascinujícím způsobem znovu objevuje a vykládá Spinozu jako geniálního předchůdce takovéhoto způsobu myšlení. Damasiova kniha je fundamentálním, zcela novým popisem lidství; vztahu neurobiologie, kultury a dějin; jednoty mozku, vědomí a sebeuvědomování. Můžete s jejími závěry nesouhlasit, přesto by ale neměla chybět v knihovně každého člověka, jenž se chce orientovat v nejsoučasnějších pohledech na lidství.

Radost, strast a citový mozek

Hledání Spinozy

A famed neuroscientist explores the emotions that make life worth living in “clear, accessible, and at times eloquent prose” (San Francisco Chronicle). In the seventeenth century, the philosopher Spinoza examined the role emotion played in human survival and culture. Yet, the neurobiological roots of joy and sorrow remained a mystery. Today, we spend countless resources doctoring our feelings with alcohol, prescription drugs, health clubs, therapy, vacation retreats, and other sorts of consumption; yet the inner workings of our minds—what feelings are, how they work, and what they mean—are still largely an unexplored frontier. Here, bestselling author and distinguished scientist Antonio Demasio concludes the groundbreaking trilogy he began with Descartes’ Error by drawing on his innovative research and experience with neurological patients to examine the cerebral processes of human emotion. With scientific expertise and “a flair for writing,” he navigates the neurology of feelings (The New York Review of Books). “Damasio has the rare talent of rendering science intelligible while also being gifted in philosophy, literature and wit.” —Margaret Jacob, Los Angeles Times “Exceptionally engaging and profoundly gratifying . . . Achieves a unique combination of scientific exposition, historical discovery and deep personal statement regarding the human condition.” —Nature “Damasio . . . succeeds in making the latest brain research accessible to the general reader, while his passionate Spinozist reflections make that data relevant to everyday life.” —Publishers Weekly

Joy, Sorrow, and the Feeling Brain

Looking for Spinoza

In recent decades, many philosophers and cognitive scientists have declared the question of consciousness unsolvable, but Antonio Damasio is convinced that recent findings in neuroscience, psychology and artifical intelligence have given us the necessary tools to solve its mystery. In Feeling & Knowing, Damasio elucidates the myriad aspects of consciousness and presents his analysis and new insights in a way that is faithful to our own intuitive sense of the experience. In forty-eight brief chapters, Damasio helps us understand the relation between consciousness and the mind; why being conscious is not the same as either being awake or sensing; the central role of feeling; and why the brain is essential for the development of consciousness. He synthesises the recent findings of various sciences with the philosophy of consciousness, and, most significantly, presents his original research which has transformed our understanding of the brain and human behaviour. Here is an indispensable guide to understanding the fundamental human capacity for informing and transforming our experience of the world around us and our perception of our place in it.

Making Minds Conscious

Feeling and Knowing

From one of the world’s leading neuroscientists: a succinct, illuminating, wholly engaging investigation of how biology, neuroscience, psychology, and artificial intelligence have given us the tools to unlock the mysteries of human consciousness In recent decades, many philosophers and cognitive scientists have declared the problem of consciousness unsolvable, but Antonio Damasio is convinced that recent findings across multiple scientific disciplines have given us a way to understand consciousness and its significance for human life. In the forty-eight brief chapters of Feeling & Knowing, and in writing that remains faithful to our intuitive sense of what feeling and experiencing are about, Damasio helps us understand why being conscious is not the same as sensing, why nervous systems are essential for the development of feelings, and why feeling opens the way to consciousness writ large. He combines the latest discoveries in various sciences with philosophy and discusses his original research, which has transformed our understanding of the brain and human behavior. Here is an indispensable guide to understand­ing how we experience the world within and around us and find our place in the universe.

Feeling & Knowing

Wolf Singer

Jean-Pierre P. Changeux

Man has been pondering for centuries over the basis of his own ethical and aesthetic values. Until recent times, such issues were primarily fed by the thinking of philosophers, moralists and theologists, or by the findings of historians or sociologists relating to universality or variations in these values within various populations. Science has avoided this field of investigation within the confines of philosophy. Beyond the temptation to stay away from the field of knowledge science may also have felt itself unconcerned by the study of human values for a simple heuristic reason, namely the lack of tools allowing objective study. For the same reason, researchers tended to avoid the study of feelings or consciousness until, over the past two decades, this became a focus of interest for many neuroscientists. It is apparent that many questions linked to research in the field of neuroscience are now arising. The hope is that this book will help to formulate them more clearly rather than skirting them. The authors do not wish to launch a new moral philosophy, but simply to gather objective knowledge for reflection.

Neurobiology of Human Values

From one of our preeminent neuroscientists: a landmark reflection that spans the biological and social sciences, offering a new way of understanding the origins of life, feeling, and culture. The Strange Order of Things is a pathbreaking investigation into homeostasis, the condition of that regulates human physiology within the range that makes possible not only the survival but also the flourishing of life. Antonio Damasio makes clear that we descend biologically, psychologically, and even socially from a long lineage that begins with single living cells; that our minds and cultures are linked by an invisible thread to the ways and means of ancient unicellular life and other primitive life-forms; and that inherent in our very chemistry is a powerful force, a striving toward life maintenance that governs life in all its guises, including the development of genes that help regulate and transmit life. In The Strange Order of Things, Damasio gives us a new way of comprehending the world and our place in it.

Antonio Damasio

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