C.A. Brebbia

G.R. Rodriguez

D. Almorza

Papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on Coastal Cities and their Sustainable Future are contained in this volume. Since its successful introduction in 2015 the conference has continued to attract important research covering the integrated management and sustainable development of coastal cities. An increased world population and the preference for living in coastal regions has resulted in their ever-growing expansion. Whilst this creates economic growth, it also increases the need for improved resources, infrastructure and services. Coastal cities should be considered as dynamic complex systems which need energy, water, food and other resources in order to work and produce diverse activities, with the aim of offering a socioeconomic climate and improved quality of life. Consequently the integrated management and sustainable development of coastal cities is essential with science, technology, architecture, socio-economics and planning all collaborating to support decision makers. Planners need to explore various options and models to forecast future services, plans and solutions. Included papers examine some of these possible models and potential solutions with emphasis in the areas of: Landscape and urban planning; Infrastructures and eco-architecture; City heritage and regeneration; Urban transport and communications; Commercial ports; Fishing and sports harbours; City-Waterfront interaction; Marine industries; Water resources management; Quality of life and city leisure; Tourism and the city; Water pollution; Air pollution; City waste management; Acoustical and thermal pollution; Coastal risk assessment; Coastal flooding; Coastal processes; Landslides; Socio-economic issues.

Coastal Cities and their Sustainable Future II

S.E. Jorgensen

This book contains extended versions of papers presented at the 1st International Conference on Lake Sustainability held at the Wessex Institute of Technology (WIT) campus in the New Forest. The meeting is a natural link in the chain of sustainability conferences that WIT regularly arranges. A wide spectrum of contributions focusing on lake sustainability and many up-to-date aspects of lake management and limnology are covered by the fifteen papers selected for publication The papers draw an excellent picture of the recent developments in lake modelling, limnology of lakes and lake management. Readers will find useful the sustainability image of lakes presented in this volume.

Lake Sustainability

A. Galiano-Garrigos

Covering the proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Urban Regeneration and Sustainability held in Alicante, Spain, this volume addresses the multidisciplinary aspects of urban planning; a result of the increasing size of cities, the amount of resources and services required and the complexity of modern society. Most of the earth’s population live in cities and the process of urbanisation still continues to generate problems originating from the drift of the population towards them. These problems can be resolved by cities becoming efficient habitats, saving resources in a way that improves the standard of living. The process faces a number of challenges related to reducing pollution amd improving main transportation and infrastructure systems. These challenges can contribute to the development of social and economic imbalances and require the development of new solutions. Large cities are probably the most complex mechanisms to manage, nevertheless they represent a productive ground for architects, engineers, city planners, and social and political scientists able to conceive new ideas and time them according to technological advances and human requirements. The Sustainable City XI follows a succession of very successful international conferences and covers the following fields: Urban planning and design; Urban development and management; Urban conservation and regeneration; The community and the city; Eco-town planning; Landscape planning and design; Environmental management; Sustainable energy and the city; Transportation Quality of life; Socio-economic and political considerations; Cultural quarters and interventions; Waterfront development; Case studies – sustainable practices; Architectural issues; Cultural heritage issues; Appropriate technologies for smart cities; Planning for resilience; Disaster and emergency response; Urban safety and security; Waste management; Urban infrastructure and Urban metabolism.

The Sustainable City XI

G.A. Keramidas

Sponsored by the International Society for Computational Methods in Engineering

Proceedings of the International Conference, Washington D.C., July 1982

Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements

H. Itoh

Waste Management and the Environment VIII contains papers present at the 8th International Conference on Waste Management and the Environment, organised every two years by the Wessex Institute. The contents were contributed by professionals, researchers, government departments and local authorities and cover the current situation of waste management. Waste Management is one of the key problems of modern society due to the ever-expanding volume and complexity of discarded domestic and industrial waste. There is a need to establish better practices and safer solutions for waste disposal. This requires further investigation into disposal methods and recycling, as well as new technologies to monitor waste disposal sites, clean technologies, waste monitoring, public and corporate awareness and general education. Unfortunately many of the policies adopted in the past were aimed at short-term solutions without regard to the long-term implications on health and the environment, leading in many cases to the need to take difficult and expensive remedial action. The development of sustainable strategies is the preferred trend for Waste Management. The approach which has emerged as the most promising has been called 4Rs, where reduction, reuse, recycling and recovery (including the sale of waste as Secondary Raw Materials (SRM) and of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF)) are seen as the best actions. This largely decreases the volume of waste that needs final disposal. Contents cover such topics as: Environmental impact; Reduce, reuse, recycle and recovery (4Rs); Waste incineration and gasification; Energy from waste; Industrial waste management; Hazardous waste; Agricultural waste; Wastewater; eWaste; Landfill optimisation and mining; Remote sensing; Thermal treatment; Emergent pollutants; Environmental remediation; Direct and indirect pre-treatment of MSW; Disposal of high-level radioactive waste; Legislation; Behavioural issues.

Waste Management and the Environment VIII

S.S. Zubir

A.S. Hassan

The 8th International Conference on Sustainable Development and Planning is part of a series of biennial conferences on the topic of sustainable regional development which began in Greece in 2003. The papers included in these proceedings report on the latest advances from scientists specialising in the range of subjects included within sustainable development and planning. Planners, environmentalists, architects, engineers, policy makers and economists have to work together in order to ensure that planning and development can meet our present needs without compromising the ability of future generations. The use of modern technologies in planning gives us new potential to monitor and prevent environmental degradation. Problems related to development and planning, which affect both rural and urban areas, are present in all regions of the world and accelerated urbanisation has resulted in both the deterioration of the environment and quality of life. Urban development can also intensify problems faced by rural areas such as forests, mountain regions and coastal areas, which urgently require solutions in order to avoid irreversible damage. The papers in the book cover the following topics: City planning; Regional planning; Rural developments; Sustainability and the built environment; Sustainability indicators; Policies and planning; Environmental planning and management; Energy resources; Cultural heritage; Quality of life; Community planning and resilience; Sustainable solutions in emerging countries; Sustainable tourism; Learning from nature; Transportation Social and political issues and Community planning.

Sustainable Development and Planning VIII

C. Clark

Containing the proceedings of the second International Conference on Defence Sites, Heritage and Future this book promotes the knowledge of the scale, design and functions of defence sites. It brings a better understanding of the issues raised by their redundancy and the implications of different disposal processes for the land. Redundant defence sites offer a range of opportunities to planners, architects and local communities to redevelop large areas, bringing new life to often neglected parts of towns. These opportunities are common to many countries and the papers in this book stress this common feature and help to share experiences of the transformation of defence sites to civilian uses around the world. The re-use of defence sites also raises questions regarding the need to recover brownfields and contaminated land which can have far-reaching legal responsibilities and environmental consequences. Achieving the sustainable development of these sites involves issues related to maintenance and conservation, as well as built and natural environmental controls, while also responding to the needs and aspirations of the community. Topics covered include: Military heritage history; Castles and fortresses; Fortified cities; Case studies; Transition from military to civilian life; Community involvement; Economic analysis; Risk assessment; Simulation and modelling; Funding and legal requirements.

Heritage and Future

Defence Sites II

H.H. Al-Kayiem

Energy and Sustainability V is the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Energy and Sustainability, held by the Wessex Institute of Technology. The modern world is highly dependent on the exploitation of fossil fuels. More recently, resources depletion and severe environmental effects deriving from the continuous use of these fuels has resulted in an increasing amount of interest in renewable energy resources and the search for sustainable energy policies. The changes required to progress from an economy mainly based on hydrocarbons to one taking advantage of sustainable energy resources are massive and require considerable scientific research as well as engineering systems. The effect also involves collaboration between different disciplines in order to arrive at optimum solutions, including buildings, energy networks, convenience systems, new energy storage solutions, waste to energy technologies, and many others. This book covers topics related to sustainability in energy and power production, storage, distribution and management. These include: Smart grids; Smart metering; Green ICT; Green buildings; Energy storage; Renewable energy resources; Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles (PHEV); Biofuels (solid, liquid, gas); Waste to energy; CO2 capturing and management; Energy and transportation; Environmental risk; Energy policies; Greener power plant technologies; Hydrogen recovery techniques; Sustainable energy production.

Energy and Sustainability V

This book contains the proceedings of the eighth international conference on River Basin Management including all aspects of Hydrology, Ecology, Environmental Management, Flood Plains and Wetlands. The biennial conference is organised by the Wessex Institute and was first held in 2001. The papers included in the book present recent advances predicting the flow, sediment transport, water quality, and ecological processes in river systems through computer techniques. The papers presented at the Conference cover such topics as: Water Resources Management; Flood Risk Management; Ecological and Environmental Impact; Erosion and Sediment Transport; Hydrological Modelling; River Restoration and Rehabilitation; Hydropower Impacts and Solutions; River and Watershed Management; Integrated Management; Water Quality Issues; Eutrophication and Agricultural Pollution; Trans-boundary River Issues; Estuaries and Deltas; Extreme Event Management; Wetlands; Climate Change and Adaptive Water Management; Water Quality and Health; Socio-economic and Political Issues; Water Governance and Water Justice; Data Acquisition, Management and Analysis; Flood Risk Control; Remote Sensing and Instrumentation; Dam Operation; Experimental Modelling; River Basin Risk Analysis; Emerging Technologies; Rain Water Systems; Erosion and Sediment Transport; Hydrodynamics.

River Basin Management VIII

W.F. Florez-Escobar

Containing the proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Urban Regeneration and Sustainability this book addresses the multidisciplinary aspects of urban planning; a result of the increasing size of cities; the amount of resources and services required and the complexity of modern society. Most of earth’s population now lives in cities and the process of urbanisation continues generating many problems deriving from the drift of the population towards them. These problems can be resolved by cities becoming efficient habitats, saving resources in a way that improves the quality and standard of living. The process, however, faces a number of major challenges, related to reducing pollution, improving main transportation and infrastructure systems. New urban solutions are required to optimise the use of space and energy resources leading to improvements in the environment, i.e. reduction in air, water and soil pollution as well as efficient ways to deal with waste generation. These challenges contribute to the development of social and economic imbalances and require the development of new solutions. Large cities are probably the most complex mechanisms to manage. However, despite such complexity they represent a fertile ground for architects, engineers, city planners, social and political scientists, and other professionals able to conceive new ideas and time them according to technological advances and human requirements. The challenge of planning sustainable cities lies in considering their dynamics, the exchange of energy and matter, and the function and maintenance of ordered structures directly or indirectly, supplied and maintained by natural systems. Topics covered include: Urban Strategies; Planning, Development and Management; Urban Conservation and Regeneration; The Community and the City; Eco-town Planning; Landscape Planning and Design; Environmental Management; Sustainable Energy and the City; Transportation; Quality of Life; Architectural Issues; Cultural Heritage Issues; Intelligent Environment and Emerging Technologies; Planning for Risk; Disaster and Emergency Response; Safety and Security; Waste Management; Infrastructure and Society; Urban Metabolism.

The Sustainable City X

Water Pollution XIII is the proceedings of the 13th International Conference in the series of Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Water Pollution. The conference, which has always been very successful, provided a forum for discussion amongst scientists, managers and academics from different areas of water contamination. Their papers, included in this book, provide a wealth of information which will be of great benefit to all those involved with water pollution problems. The environmental problems caused by the increase of pollutant loads discharged into natural water bodies requires the formation of a framework for regulation and control. This framework needs to be based on scientific results that relate pollutant discharge with changes in water quality. The results of these studies allow industry to apply more efficient methods of controlling and treating waste loads, and water authorities to enforce appropriate regulations regarding this matter. Environmental problems are essentially interdisciplinary. Engineers and scientists working in this field must be familiar with a wide range of issues, including the physical processes of mixing and dilution, chemical and biological processes, mathematical modelling, data acquisition and measurement, to name but a few. In view of the scarcity of available data, it is important that experiences are shared on an international basis. Thus, a continuous exchange of information between scientists from different countries is essential. Topics covered include: Monitoring, modelling and forecasting; Freshwater quality; Marine water quality; Groundwater and aquifer issues; Water management; Remediation; Agricultural contamination; Wastewater treatment and management; Offshore pollution and oil spills; Mining and water quality; Soil erosion and water pollution; Emerging technologies; Health risk studies; Micropollution and nanoparticles; Microbiological aspects; Risk assessments; Socio-economic-political consequences; Education and training; Population and climate change; Future trends in water pollution; Emerging approaches for water waste management.

Water Pollution XIII

J.L. Miralles i Garcia

The Tenth International Conference on Ecosystems and Sustainable Development is the latest in a well established series that originated from the work of the late Nobel laureate, Ilya Prigogine, who challenged us to develop the science of "ecodynamics," integrating thermodynamics, ecology and economics. The papers presented at the conference, contained in this book, cover not only new research from all over the world related to ecological problems, but also new ideas and emerging concepts resulting from interdisciplinary efforts of scientists, engineers and economists. The included papers cover such topics as: Energy and the Environment; Environmental Indicators; Sustainable Development and Planning; Ecosystem Modelling; Natural Resources Management; Sustainable Development Studies; Waste Management; Soil Contamination and Recovery; Recovery of Damaged Areas; Protection and Mitigation; Sustainable Energy Systems; Economic and Benefit Analysis; Policies; Environmental Management; Climate Change and Adaptation; Forensic Analysis; Knowledge Dissemination; Social Responsibility; Environmental Monitoring and Assessment; Innovation in Environmental Management; Sustainable Indicators, Monitoring and Assessment; Natural Resources in Periurban Spaces; Territorial Risk Management.

Ecosystems and Sustainable Development X

S. Hernández

W.P. De Wilde

Containing papers from the 2nd High Performance Design of Structures and Materials and the Optimum Design of Structures conference, following the success of a number of meetings since 1989, this book will be of interest to those in any engineering field. The use of novel materials and new structural concepts nowadays is not restricted to highly technical areas like aerospace, aeronautical applications or the automotive industry, but affects all engineering fields including those such as civil engineering and architecture. Most high performance structures require the development of a generation of new higher performance sustainable materials, which can more easily resist a range of external stimuli or react in a non-conventional manner. Emphasis is placed on intelligent structures and materials as well as the application of computational methods for their modelling, control and management. Optimisation problems of interest involve those related to size, shape and topology of structures and materials. Optimisation techniques have much to offer to those involved in the design of new industrial products. The development of new algorithms and the appearance of powerful commercial computer codes with easy to use graphical interfaces have created a fertile field for the incorporation of optimisation into the design process in all engineering disciplines. The book addresses the topic of design optimisation with welcomed contributions on numerical methods, different optimisation techniques and new software. Several of the topics covered are: Composite materials and structures; Material characterisation; Experiments and numerical analysis; Transformable structures; Environmentally friendly and sustainable structures; Evolutionary methods in optimisation; Aerospace structures; Biomechanics application and Pneumatic structures.

High Performance and Optimum Design of Structures and Materials II

R. Pulselli

This book contains the proceedings of the fifth International Conference on Harmonisation between Architecture and Nature (Eco-Architecture 2014). Eco-Architecture implies a new approach to the design process intended to harmonise its products with nature. This involves ideas such as minimum use of energy at each stage of the building process, taking into account the amount required during the extraction and transportation of materials, their fabrication, assembly, building erection, maintenance and eventual future recycling. Another important issue is the adaptation of the architectural design to the natural environment, learning from nature and long time honoured samples of traditional constructions. The papers in this book deal with topics such as building technologies, design by passive systems, design with nature, cultural sensitivity, life cycle assessment, resources and rehabilitation and many others. Also included are case studies from many different places around the world. Eco-Architecture by definition is a highly multi-disciplinary subject. Eco-Architecture V: Harmonisation between Architecture and Nature will therefore be of interest to, in addition to architects, many other professionals, including engineers, planners, physical scientists, sociologists and economists. Topics covered include: Design with nature; Energy efficiency; Building technologies; Ecological impacts of materials; Bioclimatic design; Water quality; Green facades; Ecological and cultural sensitivity; Education and training; Case studies; Design by passive systems; Adapted reuse; Life cycle assessment and durability; Transformative design; Sustainability indices in architecture.

Harmonisation between Architecture and Nature

Eco-Architecture V

Delegates to the 3rd International Conference on Environmental and Economic Impact on Sustainable Development contributed the peer-reviewed papers contained in this book. The papers discuss the most serious problems affecting sustainable development. They consider the impact of economic constraints on the environment, taking into account the social aspects as well as the over-use of natural resources. Uncontrolled development can also result in damage to the environment in terms of the release of toxic substances and hazardous waste. Thus, attention is paid to issues related to whether some forms of development are compatible with environmental protection, particularly in cases of possible serious contamination and toxicity. The focus in the book is on more constructive and progressive approaches to the problems discussed, to ensure sustainability. The hope is that through the shared experiences of experts, we can learn from past failure, to avoid repeating similar mistakes, while attempting to prevent emerging threats to the environmental and ecological systems. Fundamental to these concepts are an analysis of the inherent risks and the development of appropriate strategies. The papers in the book address such topics as: Environmental policies and planning; Environmental assessments; Development issues; Sustainable cities; Economic impact; Natural resources management; Energy and the environment; Food production systems and policies; Ecosystems health; Soil contamination; Remediation; Decommissioning of hazardous plants; Brownfields rehabilitation; Water resources management; Air and water pollution; Toxicity studies; Pollution and public health; Environmental health risk; Community participation; Legislation and regulations.

Environmental Impact III

J.J. Sendra

Grouping a selection of papers from the 12th International Conference on Urban Regeneration and Sustainability, this book refers to all aspects of urban environment and provides solutions that lead towards sustainability. The series maintains its strong reputation and a substantial number of contributions have been made from a diverse range of transnational delegates, resulting in a variety of topics and experiences. Urban areas face a number of challenges related to reducing pollution, improving main transportation and infrastructure systems and these challenges can contribute to the development of social and economic imbalances and require the development of new solutions. The challenge is to manage human activities, pursuing welfare and prosperity in the urban environment, whilst considering the relationships between the parts and their connections with the living world. The dynamics of its networks (flows of energy matter, people, goods, information and other resources) are fundamental for an understanding of the evolving nature of today’s cities. Large cities represent a productive ground for architects, engineers, city planners, social and political scientists able to conceive new ideas and time them according to technological advances and human requirements. The multidisciplinary components of urban planning, the challenges presented by the increasing size of cities, the amount of resources required and the complexity of modern society are all addressed. The published papers cover the following fields: Urban strategies; Planning, development and management; The community and the city; Infrastructure and society; Eco-town planning; Spatial conflicts in the city; Urban transportation and planning; Conservation and regeneration; Architectural issues; Sustainable energy and the city; Environmental management; Flood risk; Waste management; Urban air pollution; Health issues; Water resources; Landscape planning and design; Intelligent environment; Planning for risk and natural hazards; Waterfront development; Case studies.

The Sustainable City XII

A. Martinez Boquera

This book contains papers presented at the 1st International Conference on Islamic Heritage Architecture and Art. The papers deal with the design of many types of buildings in Islamic countries and the influence that these structural forms have had in non-Islamic countries. Coverage will also include construction materials. There is much to learn from past experiences to arrive at solutions that are environmentally sound and sustainable in the long term. As conventional energy resources become scarce, the Islamic design heritage can offer invaluable lessons on how to deal with difficult and extreme environments in an efficient manner. Traditional architecture and urban environment in most Islamic countries is now being eroded by overemphasis on global type of architecture and city planning. As a consequence, many regions are losing their identity. The Conference will aim to review these developments in the light of what the classical Islamic urban designs and architectures have to offer modern society. There will also be coverage of conservation techniques appropriate to the materials and structural forms used. Topics covered include: Architectural heritage; Archaeological studies; Historical aspects; The Islamic urban environment; Types of buildings (e.g., Mosques and minarets; Mausolea; Citadels and fortifications, Baths and caravanserais; Bridges and dams; Cisterns and quants; Earth-sheltered architecture; Irrigation systems; Wind towers); Climate adaptability; Arches and vaults; Domes and squinches; Double shell dome; Geometry and orientation; The use of light; Design and nature; Vernacular architecture; Construction materials (e.g., Masonry and mortars; Wood, Metals; Tiles, Adobe); Structural analysis; Earthquake resistant structures; Calligraphy, painting and patterns; Architectural conservation. The contents will be of interest to all researchers, practitioners and government employees actively involved with Islamic Heritage Architecture.

Islamic Heritage Architecture and Art

V. Echarri

Comprising papers presented at the 15th International Conference on Studies, Repairs and Maintenance of Heritage Architecture this volume brings together global contributions from scientists, architects, engineers and restoration experts dealing with different aspects of heritage buildings, including the preservation of architectural heritage. The importance of retaining the built cultural heritage cannot be overemphasised. Rapid development and the inappropriate conservation techniques are threatening many built cultural heritage unique sites in different parts of the world. This current volume covers a wide range of topics related to the historical aspects and the reuse of heritage buildings, as well as technical issues on the structural integrity of different types of buildings, such as those constructed with materials as varied as iron and steel, concrete, masonry, wood or earth. Material characterisation techniques are also addressed, including non-destructive tests via computer simulation. Modern computer simulation can provide accurate results demonstrating the stress state of the building and possible failure mechanisms affecting its stability. The included papers focus on such topics as: Heritage architecture and historical aspects; Learning from the past; Surveying and monitoring; Modern (19th/20th century) heritage; Ports and coastal heritage; Heritage masonry structures; Wooden structures; New technologies and materials; Corrosion and material decay; Seismic vulnerability and retrofit; Re-use of heritage buildings; Heritage and tourism; Conservation policies; Guidelines, codes and regulations for heritage; Heritage management; Defence, Industrial and Transportation heritage; Social, cultural and economic aspects; Adaptability and accessibility; Monitoring and damage detection; Vernacular architecture.

Structural Studies, Repairs and Maintenance of Heritage Architecture XV

M.S. Ingber

Seventh International Conference on Boundary Element Technology 'Betech 92', held at the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque, June 1992

Boundary Element Technology VII

S. Ricci

Forming the 23rd addition to a successful series, this book contains papers presented by an extensive selection of international delegates at the 23rd International Conference on Urban Transport and the Environment. Due to its continued success and multiplicity of topics, the series is considered to be a leading source of new research in the area of transport engineering. Transportation in urban areas, with its related environmental and social impacts, is of significant concern for government policymakers and for the urban citizens who need efficient transport systems. Extensive reviews of these systems are required to devise and then safeguard their operational use, maintenance, safety and security. The continuing requirement for better and more efficient urban transport systems and the need for a healthier environment has added to the increasing international desire for new technologies and developments in this essential field. The variety of topics covered reflects the complex interaction of urban transport systems with their environment and the need to establish integrated strategies. These topics include: Public transport systems; Urban transport planning and management; Environmental impact; Economic and social impact; Safety and security; Transportation modelling and simulation; Intelligent and advanced transport systems; City logistics; Inter-modal transport systems; Mass transport strategies; Freight transport; Railway systems; Port and city; Mobility and public space; Innovative electric transportation; Eco-mobility transport systems; Integrated network systems; Traditional and alternative fuels and energy; Public policies and governance.

C.A. Brebbia

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