Nina Christensen

Charlotte Appel

This book introduces Nordic children's literature and some of the children portrayed in these stories: from the little matchbox girl and the small boy revealing the nakedness of the emperor in Hans Christian Andersen's fairytales to independent boys and girls in more recent children's books.0It provides an account of the role played by books in the lives and upbringing of children in the Nordic countries from the 18th century Enlightenment until today. The emergence of a specific market for children's books coincided with early school reforms, and children's literature has been used for education, entertainment and aesthetic experiences, for disciplining and debate, for strengthening of traditions and for experimenting with new ideals and lifestyles. 0The book addresses these and the changes and continuities in the relationship between child readers and adult authors, artists, publishers, teachers, librarians and parents. Important contexts that explain the world of children's books in the Nordic countries are introduced: family patterns and values, pedagogical methods and everyday routines in creches, kindergartens and schools, different types of libraries - as well as literary and artistic trends in everchanging media. Many such developments interact with European and global trends, but distinctive features of Nordic children's culture, cherishing the voices of independent, active and creative children, are visible - both in the books themselves and in the ways in which they are used.

Children's Literature in the Nordic World

Morten Fink-Jensen

Da lAereren holdt skole. Tiden for 1780 handler om skolegang fra middelalderens slutning og 300 ar frem, indtil nAesten alle born gik i skole. Der var hele tiden stor forskel pa, hvor mange ar born gik i skole, og pa en skoledags lAengde og indhold. Det afhang af, hvor i riget bornene voksede op, om de var drenge eller piger, rige eller fattige. Skoler blev oprettet med forskellige begrundelser. Der var prAester og godsejere med store planer for borns undervisning i kristendom og lAesning, der var kobstadsfolk og bonder, som ogsa ville have bornene undervist i skrivning og regning, og der var forAeldre, som selv ville bestemme, hvor og hvornar undervisningen skulle finde sted. Staten havde siden reformationen sorget for, at der var latinskoler i alle kobstAeder, men i begyndelsen af 1700-tallet kom der love om, at alle born skulle lAere kristendom og lAesning som et led i deres obligatoriske konfirmationsforberedelse - og sa kunne fattige born ved at ga i skole holdes vAek fra gaderne. Igennem alle arhundrederne var skolebygninger ingen forudsAetning. Hvis blot der var en lAerer, kunne der holdes skole.

Charlotte Appel

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