David Makinson

Heinrich Wansing

Jacek Malinowski

area and in applications to linguistics, formal epistemology, and the study of norms. The second contains papers on non-classical and many-valued logics, with an eye on applications in computer science and through it to engineering. The third concerns the logic of belief management,whichis likewise closely connected with recent work in computer science but also links directly with epistemology, the philosophy of science, the study of legal and other normative systems, and cognitive science. The grouping is of course rough, for there are contributions to the volume that lie astride a boundary; at least one of them is relevant, from a very abstract perspective, to all three areas. We say a few words about each of the individual chapters, to relate them to each other and the general outlook of the volume. Modal Logics The ?rst bundle of papers in this volume contains contribution to modal logic. Three of them examine general problems that arise for all kinds of modal logics. The ?rst paper is essentially semantical in its approach, the second proof-theoretic, the third semantical again: • Commutativity of quanti?ers in varying-domain Kripke models,by R. Goldblatt and I. Hodkinson, investigates the possibility of com- tation (i.e. reversing the order) for quanti?ers in ?rst-order modal logics interpreted over relational models with varying domains. The authors study a possible-worlds style structural model theory that does not v- idate commutation, but satis?es all the axioms originally presented by Kripke for his familiar semantics for ?rst-order modal logic.

Papers from the Studia Logica conference Trends in Logic IV

Towards Mathematical Philosophy

This easy-to-follow textbook introduces the mathematical language, knowledge and problem-solving skills that undergraduates need to study computing. The language is in part qualitative, with concepts such as set, relation, function and recursion/induction; but it is also partly quantitative, with principles of counting and finite probability. Entwined with both are the fundamental notions of logic and their use for representation and proof. Features: teaches finite math as a language for thinking, as much as knowledge and skills to be acquired; uses an intuitive approach with a focus on examples for all general concepts; brings out the interplay between the qualitative and the quantitative in all areas covered, particularly in the treatment of recursion and induction; balances carefully the abstract and concrete, principles and proofs, specific facts and general perspectives; includes highlight boxes that raise common queries and clear confusions; provides numerous exercises, with selected solutions.

Sets, Logic and Maths for Computing

All Jack Tanner asks is to be judged on his own merits. But life as the son of a much-loved war hero is never going to be that simple. Caught up in a galactic war, he confronts deep personal tragedy, suffers life-threatening injuries, and finds love for the first time on his way to becoming a soldier and a leader. Galactic superpowers Meridian and Sendara have been at war for decades when Jack Tanner, fresh out of military academy, signs on with Meridian's Starforce for his final year of officer training. All he wants is to be allowed to stand or fall on his own merits. But life as the son of a much-loved war hero is never going to be that simple. Thrown into non-stop action right from the start, this is Jack's coming-of-age story. He will confront personal tragedy, stumble through the trials and tribulations of first love and discover the true value of friendship on his way to becoming a soldier and a leader. Across the galaxy, an organised crime syndicate concocts a treacherous plot that could change the course of the war. Bribery, sabotage, treason and murder combine to threaten Jack's family, his new friends, his career – and his life. Against a backdrop of interstellar war and an escalating series of betrayals, all roads lead to Kobara Junction, where Jack will be in the forefront of the climactic battle as a desperate Starforce strikes back against its Sendaran enemy. Keywords: Military, Stars, Interstellar, War, Science, Starship, Action, Young, Adult, Fantasy

David Makinson

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