Sendhil Mullainathan

Eldar Shafir

Based on cutting-edge research from behavioral science and economics, this eye-opening examination of how scarcity affects our daily lives reveals how individuals and organizations can better manage scarcity for greater satisfaction and success.

Why Having Too Little Means So Much

Scarcity

çok aza sahipolmanın başka anlamları

Kıtlık

Warum bleibt die Armut weltweit bestehen? Warum grassiert die Übergewichtigkeit? Warum haben es einsame Menschen schwerer, Freunde zu finden? All diese scheinbar unverbundenen Fragen beruhen auf dem Phänomen der Knappheit - ob an Zeit, Ressourcen oder sozialen Kontakten. Sendhil Mullainathan und Eldar Shafir begründen darauf eine neue Disziplin an der Schnittstelle von Ökonomie und Psychologie: die Wissenschaft von der Knappheit. Denn alle Formen der Knappheit erzeugen dieselben psychologischen Prozesse, dieselben Herausforderungen und Spannungen, dieselben Anstrengungen und gelegentlichen Fehler. Mit diesem Buch können wir unser Handeln besser begreifen und sogar modifizieren, damit wir künftig unsere selbst gesteckten Ziele leichter erreichen.

Was es mit uns macht, wenn wir zu wenig haben

Knappheit

An interdisciplinary look at the behavioral roots of public policy from the field's leading experts In recent years, remarkable progress has been made in behavioral research on a wide variety of topics, from behavioral finance, labor contracts, philanthropy, and the analysis of savings and poverty, to eyewitness identification and sentencing decisions, racism, sexism, health behaviors, and voting. Research findings have often been strikingly counterintuitive, with serious implications for public policymaking. In this book, leading experts in psychology, decision research, policy analysis, economics, political science, law, medicine, and philosophy explore major trends, principles, and general insights about human behavior in policy-relevant settings. Their work provides a deeper understanding of the many drivers—cognitive, social, perceptual, motivational, and emotional—that guide behaviors in everyday settings. They give depth and insight into the methods of behavioral research, and highlight how this knowledge might influence the implementation of public policy for the improvement of society. This collection examines the policy relevance of behavioral science to our social and political lives, to issues ranging from health, environment, and nutrition, to dispute resolution, implicit racism, and false convictions. The book illuminates the relationship between behavioral findings and economic analyses, and calls attention to what policymakers might learn from this vast body of groundbreaking work. Wide-ranging investigation into people's motivations, abilities, attitudes, and perceptions finds that they differ in profound ways from what is typically assumed. The result is that public policy acquires even greater significance, since rather than merely facilitating the conduct of human affairs, policy actually shapes their trajectory. The first interdisciplinary look at behaviorally informed policymaking Leading behavioral experts across the social sciences consider important policy problems A compendium of behavioral findings and their application to relevant policy domains

The Behavioral Foundations of Public Policy

Philip N. Johnson-Laird

This volume brings together two hitherto separate aspects of the psychology of thinking: how people reason, and how they make judgements and decisions. This exploration is timely for two major reasons. First, reasoning and decision making are increasingly examined in the role of reason in the construction of preferences, and students of deduction are examining the role of values and preferences in reasoning. Second, research in the two domains has revealed a striking parallel; human thinkers make radical departures from the canons of rationality - from formal logic in the case of reasoning, and from expected utility theory in the case of decision making. The two departures have forced social scientists to think again about the nature of human mentality. The contributors are all internationally known experts, and their chapters range over the nature of rationality, how individuals construct reasons for choices, how they are led astray by focusing on only certain aspects of situations, how they assess the strength of inductions, how they reach decisions on juries, and how their performance can be improved. Reasoning and Decision Making will be suitable for advanced undergraduate reading and beyond, and will be of interest to psychologists, decision theorists and philosophers.

Eldar Shafir

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