Shirley Veenema

Lois Hetland

Kimberly M. Sheridan

Ellen Winner

Many people believe that art education is important, but few can say exactly why. Here, at last, are the results of the first in-depth research on the "habits of mind" that are instilled by studying art-habits the authors argue have positive impacts on student learning across the curriculum. Studio Thinking provides art teachers with a research-based language for describing what they intend to teach and what students learn. This language will help advocates explain arts education to policymakers, help art teachers develop and refine their teaching practices, and help educators in other disciplines learn from existing practices in arts education.

The Real Benefits of Visual Arts Education

Studio Thinking

In this fascinating book, Ellen Winner uncovers and explores nine myths about giftedness, and shows us what gifted children are really like.Using vivid case studies, Winner paints a complex picture of the gifted child. Here we meet David, a three-year-old who learned to read in two weeks; KyLee, a five-year-old who mastered on his own all of the math concepts expected by the end of elementary school; and Nadia, an autistic and retarded “savant” who nevertheless could draw like a Renaissance master.Winner uses her research with these and several other extraordinary children, as well as the latest biological and psychological evidence, to debunk the many myths about academic, musical, and artistic giftedness.Gifted Children also looks at the role played by schools in fostering exceptional abilities. Winner castigates schools for wasting resources on weak educational programs for the moderately gifted. Instead, she advocates elevating standards for all children, and focusing our resources for gifted education on those with extreme abilities—children who are left untouched by the kinds of minimal programs we have today.

Myths And Realities

Gifted Children

"How Art Works explores puzzles that have preoccupied philosophers as well as the general public: Can art be defined? How do we decide what is good art? Why do we gravitate to sadness in art? Why do we devalue a perfect fake? Could 'my kid have done that'? Does reading fiction enhance empaty? Drawing on careful pbservations, probing intreviews, and clever experiments, Ellen Winner reveals surprising answers to these and other artistic mysteries."--Jacket.

A Psychological Exploration

How Art Works

Research on the development of metaphor abilities in children can be dated back as far as 1960, with Asch and Nerlove's pioneering study, which concluded that children were unable to understand metaphors until middle or even late childhood. However, the study of metaphor in children did not take off until the 1970s; research continued to show metaphor as a relatively late-developing skill, based on children's inability to paraphrase correctly metaphoric sentences presented out of any situational or narrative context. In the past decade, research into the development of figurative language has broadened considerably in scope. Efforts have been underway to demonstrate the cognitive underpinnings of the ability to make sense of figurative language and to demonstrate the role of metaphor and its cousin, analogy, in the development of cognition. Metaphor is now considered to be a central aspect of language and thought and thus a crucial variable in cognitive development. The articles in this issue support the claim that no longer can any theory of language acquisition afford to ignore how children are able to recognize the distinction between what is said and what is meant and how they are able to grasp what is meant when people say things they do not mean.

A Special Issue of metaphor and Symbolic Activity

Developmental Perspectives on Metaphor

Studio Thinking 3 is a new edition of a now-classic text, a research-based account of teaching and learning in high school studio arts classes. It poses a framework that identifies eight habits of mind taught in visual arts and four studio structures by which they are taught. This edition includes new material about how the framework has been used since the original study, with new perspectives from artist-teachers who currently apply the Studio Thinking Framework in their own practice. It also reviews how contemporary organizations, educators, and researchers outside the arts have utilized the framework, highlighting its flexibility to inform teaching and learning. The authors have added a new chapter on assessment to introduce the practical and thoughtful ways that teachers are using Studio Thinking to assess and evaluate students’ work, working processes, and thinking in the arts. Praise for Previous Editions of Studio Thinking― “Winner and Hetland have set out to show what it means to take education in the arts seriously, in its own right.” —The New York Times “This book is very educational and would be helpful to art teachers in promoting quality teaching in their classrooms.” —School Arts Magazine “Studio Thinking is a major contribution to the field.” —Arts & Learning Review “The research in Studio Thinking is groundbreaking and important because it is anchored in the actual practice of teaching artists …The ideas in Studio Thinking continue to provide a vehicle with which to navigate and understand the complex work in which we are all engaged.” —Teaching Artists Journal

Studio Thinking 3

Cave paintings of our prehistoric ancestors, elaborate ritual dances of preliterate tribesmen, long lines at the movies, earnest scribbles of the three-year-old next door--evidence of human preoccupation with art is everywhere, and it is overwhelming. But unlike other human universals--language, tool use, the family--art makes no material contribution to mankind's survival. What impels the artist to the lonely effort at self-expression? What moves the audience to resonate to the work of a master? What accounts for the child's inherent fascination with pictures and stories and songs? These questions are among the deepest we can ask about human nature. Freud deemed some of them forever unanswerable, but modern psychology has made new inroads into these old mysteries. Invented Worlds provides a complete, authoritative account of this progress. Dealing with the three major art forms--painting, music, and literature--Ellen Winner shows how the artist fashions a symbolic world that transforms the experience of the observer. She probes the adult's ability to create and respond to works of art. In addition, she examines children's art for what it can reveal about the artistic impulse before adult convention becomes a shaping force. Finally, in order to reach a better understanding of the biological bases of artistry, Winner discusses the art of the mentally disturbed and the neurologically impaired patient. The sum of these discussions is more than an up-to-date handbook to the field; it is nothing less than a new synthesis of our understanding of man's artistic nature. Written with admirable clarity, Invented Worlds is a book that can be used by professionals and students in psychology, education, and the arts, as well as anyone with reason to be curious about the processes that underlie the creation and enjoyment of art.

The Psychology of the Arts

Invented Worlds

Psychologist Ellen Winner studies the creative, nonliteral discourse of children's spontaneous speech, examining how their abilities to use and interpret figurative language change as they grow older, and what such language shows us about the changing features of children's minds.

Children's Understanding of Metaphor and Irony

The Point of Words

There is no end of talk and of wondering about 'art' and 'the arts.' This book examines a number of questions about the arts (broadly defined to include all of the arts). Some of these questions come from philosophy. Examples include: · What makes something art? · Can anything be art? · Do we experience "real" emotions from the arts? · Why do we seek out and even cherish sorrow and fear from art when we go out of our way to avoid these very emotions in real life? · How do we decide what is good art? Do aesthetic judgments have any objective truth value? · Why do we devalue fakes even if we -- indeed, even the experts--- can't tell them apart from originals? · Does fiction enhance our empathy and understanding of others? Is art-making therapeutic? Others are "common sense" questions that laypersons wonder about. Examples include: · Does learning to play music raise a child's IQ? · Is modern art something my kid could do? · Is talent a matter of nature or nurture? This book examines puzzles about the arts wherever their provenance - as long as there is empirical research using the methods of social science (interviews, experimentation, data collection, statistical analysis) that can shed light on these questions. The examined research reveals how ordinary people think about these questions, and why they think the way they do - an inquiry referred to as intuitive aesthetics. The book shows how psychological research on the arts has shed light on and often offered surprising answers to such questions.

Psychologist Ellen Winner studies the creative, nonliteral discourse of children's spontaneous speech, examining how their abilities to use and interpret figurative language change as they grow older, and what such language shows us about the changing feature's of children's minds.

Diane B. Jaquith

Jillian Hogan

Students of all ages can learn to think like artists! Studio Thinking: The Real Benefits of Visual Arts Education changed the conversation about quality arts education. Now this new publication shows how the eight Studio Habits of Mind and four Studio Structures can be used successfully with younger students in a range of school environments. The book includes classroom examples, visual artist exemplars, templates for talking about works of art, mini-posters, and more. “If we want our students to think, if we want them to learn, we must engage them in habits of the mind that cultivate their innate abilities.” —From the Foreword by David P. Nelson, president, MassArt “Studio Thinking from the Start is a needed addition to teacher resources for improving the quality of elementary art education.” —Olivia Gude, School of the Art Institute of Chicago “Starting young with studio thinking is a fabulous idea supported by this fine resource. After all, studio thinking thrives on art but applies to everything.”

The K–8 Art Educator’s Handbook

Studio Thinking from the Start

" The first edition of this bestseller was featured inThe New York TimesandThe Boston Globefor its groundbreaking research on the positive effects of art education on student learning across the curriculum. Capitalizing on observations and conversations with educators who have used the Studio Thinking Framework in diverse settings, this expanded edition features new material, including: The addition ofExhibitionsas a fourth Studio Structure for Learning (along with Demonstration-Lecture, Students-at-Work, and Critique). Explanation and examples of the dispositional elements of each Habit, includingskill, alertness(noticing appropriate times to put skills to use), andinclination(the drive or motivation to employ skills). A chart aligning Habits to the English Language Arts and Mathematics Common Core. Descriptions of how the Framework has been used inside and outside of schools incurriculum planning, teaching,andassessmentacross arts and non-arts disciplines. A full-color insert with new examples of student art. Studio Thinking 2will help advocates explain arts education to policymakers, help art teachers develop and refine their teaching and assessment practices, and assist educators in other disciplines to learn from existing practices in arts education. Lois Hetlandis professor and chair of art education at Massachusetts College of Art and Design and senior research affiliate at Project Zero, Harvard Graduate School of Education.Ellen Winneris professor and chair of psychology at Boston College and a senior research associate at Project Zero.Shirley Veenemais an instructor in visual arts at Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts.Kimberly M. Sheridanis an assistant professor in the College of Education and Human Development and the College of Visual and Performing Arts at George Mason University. “Our decade of using the Studio Thinking Framework in California’s schools positions us for success in this new era because of the foundation of reflective, creative, and critical thinking developed in our schools and districts.” —From the Foreword to the Second Edition byLouise Music, Executive Director of Integrated Learning, Alameda County Office of Education, Hayward, CA “Studio Thinking[is] a vision not only of learning in the arts but what could be learning most anywhere.” —From the Foreword to the First Edition byDavid N. Perkins, Professor of Education, Harvard Graduate School of Education, and Senior Co-Director of Harvard Project Zero Praise for the First Edition ofStudio Thinking— “Winner and Hetland have set out to show what it means to take education in the arts seriously, in its own right.” —The New York Times “This book is very educational and would be helpful to art teachers in promoting quality teaching in their classrooms.” —School Arts Magazine “Studio Thinkingis a major contribution to the field.” —Arts & Learning Review “The research inStudio Thinkingis groundbreaking and important because it is anchored in the actual practice of teaching artists.... The ideas inStudio Thinkingcontinue to provide a vehicle with which to navigate and understand the complex work in which we are all engaged.” —Teaching Artists Journal “Hetland and her colleagues reveal dozens of practical measures that could be adopted by any arts program, inside or outside of the school.... This is a bold new step in arts education.” —David R. Olson, Professor Emeritus, University of Toronto “Will be at the top of the list of essential texts in arts education. I know of no other work in art education with this combination of authenticity and insight.” —Lars Lindström, Stockholm Institute of Education “The eight studio habits of mind should become a conceptual framework for all preservice art education programs; this book should be read by all early and experienced art educators.” —Mary Ann Stankiewicz, The Pennsylvania State University "

Ellen Winner

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