Erik Levi

T̀his book fills an important gap in our understanding of the ways in which composers - Mozart in particular - are co-opted for social, cultural and political ends. And it teaches us that reception is as significant a part of cultural history as understanding music in its own time and place.'--Cliff Eisen, Professor of Music History, King's College London.

How the Third Reich Abused a Cultural Icon

Mozart and the Nazis

David Fanning

Following their entry into Austria and the Sudetenland in the late 1930s, the Germans attempted to impose a policy of cultural imperialism on the countries they went on to occupy during World War II. Almost all music institutions in the occupied lands came under direct German control or were subject to severe scrutiny and censorship, the prime objective being to change the musical fabric of these nations and force them to submit to the strictures of Nazi ideology. This pioneering collection of essays is the first in the English language to look in more detail at the musical consequences of German occupation during a dark period in European history. It embraces a wide range of issues, presenting case studies involving musical activity in a number of occupied European cities, as well as in countries that were part of the Axis or had established close diplomatic relations with Germany. The wartime careers and creative outputs of individual musicians who were faced with the dilemma of either complying with or resisting the impositions of the occupiers are explored. In addition, there is some reflection on the post-war implications of German occupation for the musical environment in Europe. Music under German Occupation is written for all music-lovers, students, professionals and academics who have particular interests in 20th-century music and/or the vicissitudes of European cultural life during World War II.

Propaganda, Myth and Reality

The Routledge Handbook to Music under German Occupation, 1938-1945

The Impact of Nazism on Twentieth-Century Music

Delineates continuity and change in the field of music from the Weimar Republic to the Nazi era, and traces the complex relationship between Nazi musical ideology and its practical application in the Nazi state. Music policy between 1933-45 was riddled with ambiguities, compromises, and inconsistencies of outlook, most clearly seen in the disputes between party ideologue Alfred Rosenberg and Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels. Examines Nazi racial policy and state control regarding music in the areas of radio and recording, music publishing, opera, symphony orchestras, music literature and the musical press. On anti-Jewish policies see ch. 3 (pp. 39-81), "Anti-Semitism, " which discusses the removal of Jews from the music profession, the establishment and functions of the Kulturbund deutscher Juden, antisemitic musical propaganda, and the Aryanization of music. Pp. 267-280 contain a detailed chronology of developments in the music field between January 1933-August 1944, including many anti-Jewish instances.

Music in the Third Reich

A music historian uncovers Nazi Germany’s use of Mozart as a WWII propaganda tool in this “intriguing study [that] comprehends a range of vital topics” (Choice). As the Nazi war machine expanded its bloody ambitions across Europe, the Third Reich sought to promote a sophisticated and even humanitarian image of German culture through the tireless promotion of Mozart’s music. In this revelatory book, Erik Levi draws on World War II era articles, diaries, speeches, and other archival materials to provide a new understanding of how the Nazis shamelessly manipulated Mozart for their own political advantage. Mozart and the Nazis also explores the continued Jewish veneration of the composer during this period while also highlighting some of the disturbing legacies that resulted from the Nazi appropriation of his work. Enhanced by rare contemporary illustrations, Mozart and the Nazis is a fascinating addition to the study of music history, World War II propaganda, and twentieth century politics.

Florian Scheding

The grand narratives of European music history are informed by the dichotomy of placements and displacements. Yet musicology has thus far largely ignored the phenomenon of displacement and underestimated its significance for musical landscapes and music history. Music and Displacement: Diasporas, Mobilities, and Dislocations in Europe and Beyond constitutes a pioneering volume that aims to fill this gap as it explores the interactions between music and displacement in theoretical and practical terms. Contributions by distinguished international scholars address the theme through a wide range of case studies, incorporating art, popular, folk, and jazz music and interacting with areas, such as gender and post-colonial studies, critical theory, migration, and diaspora. The book is structured in three stages—silence, acculturation, and theory—that move from silence to sound and from displacement to placement. The range of subject matter within these sections is deliberately hybrid and mirrors the eclectic nature of displacement itself, with case studies exploring Nazi Anti-Semitism in musical displacement; musical life in the Jewish community of Palestine; Mahler, Jewishness, and Jazz; the Irish Diaspora in England; and German Exile studies, among others. Featuring articles from such scholars as Ruth F. Davis, Sean Campbell, Jim Samson, Sydney Hutchinson, and Europea series co-editor Philip V. Bohlman, the volume exerts an appeal reaching beyond music and musicology to embrace all areas in the humanities concerned with notions of displacement, migration, and diaspora.

Erik Levi

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