Gary A. Klein

An overview of naturalistic decision making, which views people as inherently skilled and experienced.

How People Make Decisions

Sources of Power

searching for the keys to adaptive decision making

Streetlights and shadows

Gary Klein

Robert R. Hoffman

Senior Research Scientist Robert R Hoffman

Beth Crandall

Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA) helps researchers understand how cognitive skills andstrategies make it possible for people to act effectively and get things done. CTA can yieldinformation people need -- employers faced with personnel issues, market researchers who want tounderstand the thought processes of consumers, trainers and others who design instructional systems,health care professionals who want to apply lessons learned from errors and accidents, systemsanalysts developing user specifications, and many other professionals. CTA can show what makes theworkplace work -- and what keeps it from working as well as it might. Working Minds is a true handbook, offering a set of tools for doing CTA: methodsfor collecting data about cognitive processes and events, analyzing them, and communicating themeffectively. It covers both the "why" and the "how" of CTA methods, providing examples, guidance,and stories from the authors' own experiences as CTA practitioners. Because effective use of CTAdepends on some conceptual grounding in cognitive theory and research -- on knowing what a cognitiveperspective can offer -- the book also offers an overview of current research oncognition. The book provides detailed guidance for planning and carrying out CTA,with chapters on capturing knowledge and capturing the way people reason. It discusses studyingcognition in real-world settings and the challenges of rapidly changing technology. And it describeskey issues in applying CTA findings in a variety of fields. Working Minds makes the methodology ofCTA accessible and the skills involved attainable.

A Practitioner's Guide to Cognitive Task Analysis

Working Minds

A leading intuition researcher explores the key role of intuition in how we do our job and demonstrates that intuition is a learnable and essential skill, explaining how the ability to recognize patterns and other cues can help us make the right decisions in crucial situations. Reprint.

How To Use Your Gut Feelings To Make Better Decisions At Work

The Power of Intuition

An expert explains how the conventional wisdom about decision making can get us into trouble—and why experience can't be replaced by rules, procedures, or analytical methods.

Searching for the Keys to Adaptive Decision Making

Streetlights and Shadows

How to collect data about cognitive processes and events, how to analyze CTA findings, and how to communicate them effectively: a handbook for managers, trainers, systems analysts, market researchers, health professionals, and others. Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA) helps researchers understand how cognitive skills and strategies make it possible for people to act effectively and get things done. CTA can yield information people need—employers faced with personnel issues, market researchers who want to understand the thought processes of consumers, trainers and others who design instructional systems, health care professionals who want to apply lessons learned from errors and accidents, systems analysts developing user specifications, and many other professionals. CTA can show what makes the workplace work—and what keeps it from working as well as it might. Working Minds is a true handbook, offering a set of tools for doing CTA: methods for collecting data about cognitive processes and events, analyzing them, and communicating them effectively. It covers both the "why" and the "how" of CTA methods, providing examples, guidance, and stories from the authors' own experiences as CTA practitioners. Because effective use of CTA depends on some conceptual grounding in cognitive theory and research—on knowing what a cognitive perspective can offer—the book also offers an overview of current research on cognition. The book provides detailed guidance for planning and carrying out CTA, with chapters on capturing knowledge and capturing the way people reason. It discusses studying cognition in real-world settings and the challenges of rapidly changing technology. And it describes key issues in applying CTA findings in a variety of fields. Working Minds makes the methodology of CTA accessible and the skills involved attainable.

Judith Orasanu

Roberta Calderwood

This book describes the new perspective of naturalistic decision making. The point of departure is how people make decisions in complex, time-pressured, ambiguous, and changing environments. The purpose of this book is to present and elaborate on past models developed to explain this type of decision making. The central philosophy of the book is that classical decision theory has been unproductive since it is so heavily grounded in economics and mathematics. The contributors believe there is little to be learned from laboratory studies about how people actually handle difficult and interesting tasks; therefore, the book presents a critique of classical decision theory. The models of naturalistic decision making described by the contributors were derived to explain the behavior of firefighters, business people, jurors, nuclear power plant operators, and command-and-control officers. The models are unique in that they address the way people use experience to frame situations and adopt courses of action. The models explain the strengths of skilled decision makers. Naturalistic decision research requires the examination of field settings, and a section of the book covers methods for conducting meaningful research outside the laboratory. In addition, since his approach has applied value, the book covers issues of training and decision support systems.

Models and Methods

Decision Making in Action

Eduardo Salas

This book contains selected papers presented at the 1998 conference on Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM). The objectives of the conference were to: *make American researchers more aware of NDM research being conducted abroad, particularly in Europe; *connect NDM research with work in management and industry, to stretch beyond the military and paramilitary focus; and *formulate a more explicit connection between NDM and expertise. These objectives are reflected in the chapters of this volume.

Gary A. Klein

About

Books

Join the club