George Hoberg

David Haley

Martin K. Luckert

Three quarters of Canada's forests are under provincial control, so provincial forest policies are crucial to long-term sustainability. By offering an up-to-date comparative scrutiny of forest policies, this book provides forest managers, policy-makers, scholars, and students with the information and concepts to critically examine Canada's complex forest tenure systems. Looking at tenure, stumpage fees, and other forest practices, the authors assess how well different provincial schemes achieve the goals of sustainable forest management. They identify essential policy attributes that could be used to guide tenure reform, consider barriers that could prevent meaningful change, and offer much-needed practical guidance on overcoming these obstacles.

Tenure, Stumpage Fees, and Forest Practices

Policies for Sustainably Managing Canada’s Forests

How organized resistance to new fossil fuel infrastructure became a political force, and how this might affect the transition to renewable energy. Organized resistance to new fossil fuel infrastructure, particularly conflicts over pipelines, has become a formidable political force in North America. In this book, George Hoberg examines whether such place-based environmental movements are effective ways of promoting climate action, if they might inadvertently feed resistance to the development of renewable energy infrastructure, and what other, more innovative processes of decision-making would encourage the acceptance of clean energy systems. Focusing on a series of conflicts over new oil sands pipelines, Hoberg investigates activists’ strategy of blocking fossil fuel infrastructure, often in alliance with Indigenous groups, and examines the political and environmental outcomes of these actions. After discussing the oil sands policy regime and the relevant political institutions in Canada and the United States, Hoberg analyzes in detail four anti-pipeline campaigns, examining the controversies over the Keystone XL, the most well-known of these movements and the first one to use infrastructure resistance as a core strategy; the Northern Gateway pipeline; the Trans Mountain pipeline; and the Energy East pipeline. He then considers the “resistance dilemma”: the potential of place-based activism to threaten the much-needed transition to renewable energy. He examines several episodes of resistance to clean energy infrastructure in eastern Canada and the United States. Finally, Hoberg describes some innovative processes of energy decision-making, including strategic environment assessment, and cumulative impact assessment, looking at cases in British Columbia and Lower Alberta.

Place-Based Movements and the Climate Crisis

The Resistance Dilemma

Keith G. Banting

Richard Simeon

A comparative study of Canadian and American responses to the changing international economy and to changing patterns of social diversity in domestic society, Degrees of Freedom traces the impact of these pressures on the economic and social structure, culture, political institutions, and policy regimes of the two countries.

George Hoberg

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