Hassan Haes Alhelou

Nabil Mohammed

Behrooz Bahrani

Grid-Forming Power Inverters: Control and Applications is the first book dedicated to addressing the operation principles, grid codes, modelling and control of grid-forming power inverters. The book initially discusses the need for this technology due to the substantial annual integration of inverter-based renewable energy resources. The key differences between the traditional grid-following and the emerging grid-forming inverters technologies are explained. Then, the book explores in detail various topics related to grid-forming power inverters, including requirements and grid standards, modelling, control, damping power system oscillations, dynamic stability under large fault events, virtual oscillator-controlled grid-forming inverters, grid-forming inverters interfacing battery energy storage, and islanded operation of grid-forming inverters. Features: Explains the key differences between grid-following and grid-forming inverters Explores the requirements and grid standards for grid-forming inverters Provides detailed modeming of virtual synchronous generators Explains various control strategies for grid-forming inverters Investigates damping of power system oscillations using grid-forming converters Elaborates on the dynamic stability of grid-forming inverters under large fault events Focuses on practical applications

Control and Applications

Grid-Forming Power Inverters

Sudeep Tanwar

Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban

Baseem Khan

Josep M. Guerrero

Om Prakash Mahela

ACTIVE ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION NETWORK Discover the major issues, solutions, techniques, and applications of active electrical distribution networks with this edited resource Active Electrical Distribution Network: A Smart Approach delivers a comprehensive and insightful guide dedicated to addressing the major issues affecting an often-overlooked sector of the electrical industry: electrical distribution. The book discusses in detail a variety of challenges facing the smart electrical distribution network and presents a detailed framework to address these challenges with renewable energy integration. The book offers readers fulsome analyses of active distribution networks for smart grids, as well as active control approached for distributed generation, electric vehicle technology, smart metering systems, smart monitoring devices, smart management systems, and various storage systems. It provides a treatment of the analysis, modeling, and implementation of active electrical distribution systems and an exploration of the ways professionals and researchers from academia and industry attempt to meet the significant challenges facing them. From smart home energy management systems to approaches for the reconfiguration of active distribution networks with renewable energy integration, readers will also enjoy: A thorough introduction to electrical distribution networks, including conventional and smart networks An exploration of various existing issues related to the electrical distribution network An examination of the importance of harmonics mitigation in smart distribution networks, including active filters A treatment of reactive power compensation under smart distribution networks, including techniques like capacitor banks and smart devices An analysis of smart distribution network reliability assessment and enhancement Perfect for professionals, scientists, technologists, developers, designers, and researchers in smart grid technologies, security, and information technology, Active Electrical Distribution Network: A Smart Approach will also earn a place in the libraries of policy and administration professionals, as well as those involved with electric utilities, electric policy development, and regulating authorities.

A Smart Approach

Active Electrical Distribution Network

Ali Moradi Amani

Samaneh Sadat Sajjadi

Mahdi Jalili

The leading countries around the globe, including Australia, have taken serious steps to decarbonize their energy and transportation sectors as part of their obligations for a suitable future with fewer emissions and a better environment. The decarbonization plans in different countries have resulted in changes such as increases in the penetration level of renewable energy sources and the introduction of electric vehicles as a target for future transportation systems. This is the point where mobility meets electricity and brings new challenges and opportunities, especially in the integration with modern power systems. The main impact would be on the demand-side and the distribution network. These impacts would be also reflected in the operation, control, security, and stability of transmission systems. This creates a new grid architecture characterized by a growing variability and uncertainties. Moreover, the growth in the share of renewable energy in the total energy market is one of the major causes of the increasing fluctuations in the balance between generation and consumption in the whole system. Therefore, the key challenge lies in developing new concepts to ensure the effective integration of distributed energy resources and electric transportation systems, including EVs, into existing and future market structures. Electric Transportation Systems in Smart Power Grids address how these issues—EVs, E-buses, and other smart appliances on the demand side—can be aggregated to form virtual power plants, which are considered an efficient solution to provide operational flexibility to the grid. The book also discusses how EV-based virtual power plants can also provide myriad services for distribution system operators, transmission system operators, and even local prosumers within the energy community. Features: Describes the services required to power systems from EVs and electric transportation sector Covers frequency control in modern power systems using aggregated EVs Discusses the integration and interaction between EVs and Smart grids Introduces electric vehicle aggregation methods for supporting power systems Highlights flexibility provided from electric transportation system to smart energy sector Discusses the high penetration level of renewable energy sources and EVs

Integration, Aggregation, Ancillary Services, and Best Practices

Electric Transportation Systems in Smart Power Grids

Mohammad Reza Barzegar-Bafrooei

Jamal Dehghani-Ashkezari

Asghar Akbari Foroud

This book presents a comprehensive survey of fault current limiters (FCLs) and their applications in power system to cope with the fault current. The book reviews characteristics, technologies, topologies, working principles, applications, and the interaction of FCLs with the power system. In the attempts to develop FCL with close to ideal attributes, academic researchers and companies offer the different configurations that are mostly classified into non-superconducting fault current limiters and superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs). Both categories are included in this book, and therefore, it can serve as an excellent stepping-stone for senior and/or graduate students who are interested in knowing the reason of the increase in short circuit level in the power system, fault current limitation measures, benefits and drawbacks of the application of FCLs in power systems, the state-of-the-art of fault current limitation techniques, as well as recent advances in this area.

Concepts and Applications

Fault Current Limiters

Pierluigi Siano

The electrical demands in several countries around the world are increasing due to the huge energy requirements of prosperous economies and the human activities of modern life. In order to economically transfer electrical powers from the generation side to the demand side, these powers need to be transferred at high-voltage levels through suitable transmission systems and power substations. To this end, high-voltage transmission systems and power substations are in demand. Actually, they are at the heart of interconnected power systems, in which any faults might lead to unsuitable consequences, abnormal operation situations, security issues, and even power cuts and blackouts. In order to cope with the ever-increasing operation and control complexity and security in interconnected high-voltage power systems, new architectures, concepts, algorithms, and procedures are essential. This book aims to encourage researchers to address the technical issues and research gaps in high-voltage transmission systems and power substations in modern energy systems.

Advances and Technologies in High Voltage Power Systems Operation, Control, Protection and Security

Ehsan Heydarian-Forushani

High penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) imposes several techno-economic challenges to distribution system operators (DSOs) due to their variability in power generation and, hence, increases the need for additional operational flexibility. Operational flexibility aims at securely covering the possible variations at the minimum cost using emerging flexible alternatives or designing novel local market mechanisms to incentivize flexibility providers. In such a situation, the DSOs can use the potential of flexible options such as energy storages (ESs), demand response (DR), plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), or on-site fast run generators. However, each of the mentioned flexible resources has its own specific characteristics and requirements that should be taken into account, and this raises the complexity. Optimal network reconfiguration schemes are the other solution for increasing power system flexibility at the distribution level. There is a great research gap related to renewable-based distribution network planning from a flexibility point of view. Therefore, this book aims to discuss the additional flexibility needs introduced by RESs and describe general approaches to analyze the need for and provision of additional flexibility in future distribution networks at both the planning and operational time frames. This book successfully suggests new solutions and techniques to increase the flexibility in distribution systems. It also highlights the needs for moving towards smart distribution grids in order to enhance the flexibility in modern and future power systems.

Flexibility in Electric Power Distribution Networks

Hassan Haes Alhelou

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