Irving Finkel

There are few things more in common across cultures than the belief in ghosts. Ghosts inhabit something of the very essence of what it is to be human. Whether we personally 'believe' or not, we are all aware of ghosts and the rich mythologies and rituals surrounding them. They have inspired, fascinated and frightened us for centuries - yet most of us are only familiar with the vengeful apparitions of Shakespeare, or the ghastly spectres haunting the pages of 19th century gothic literature. But their origins are much, much older... The First Ghosts: Most Ancient of Legacies takes us back to the very beginning. A world-renowned authority on cuneiform, the form of writing on clay tablets which dates back to 3400BC, Irving Finkel has embarked upon an ancient ghost hunt, scouring these tablets to unlock the secrets of the Sumerians, Babylonians and Assyrians to breathe new life into the first ghost stories ever written. In The First Ghosts, he uncovers an extraordinarily rich seam of ancient spirit wisdom which has remained hidden for nearly 4000 years, covering practical details of how to live with ghosts, how to get rid of them and bring them back, and how to avoid becoming one, as well as exploring more philosophical questions: what are ghosts, why does the idea of them remain so powerful despite the lack of concrete evidence, and what do they tell us about being human?

A rich history of ancient ghosts and ghost stories from the British Museum curator

The First Ghosts

Recounts the author's translation of a cuneiform tablet with a new version of the Babylonian flood story, complete with detailed specifications about the ark, that shed new light on how the older stories relate to the Biblical story of Noah.

Decoding the Story of the Flood

The Ark Before Noah

Some historical artfacts are destined forever to alter how the ancient world is perceived. The unerathing in today's Iraq (in 1879) of a clay cylinder-shaped decree from Cyrus the Great, founder of the Achaemenid dynasty of Persia, stands in the same traditin of game changing discoveries from antiquity as Hammurabi's famous law code or the intact tom of the boy-king Tutankhamun. For the Cyrus Cylinder contains in microcosm the whole history of its period. Inscribed with an account of the conquest of Babylon in 539 BC by the Persian king, it records an event which launched one of the greatest imperial adventures in history. It describes Cyrus' capture and deposition of Nabondius, last native Babylonian ruler (represented by the Cylinder text as an oppressor of his own people), and proclaims the Persian, aided by the god Marduk, as a liberator. His annexation of Babylon was to become the platform upon which the Achaemenid military machine built its later vast imperium. But the Cylinder is more than an ancient exercise in propaganda. It has been celebrated as the world's first declaration of human rights, and an international symbl of religious tolerance, setting out the decree from which Cyrus freed the Jews in Babylon : an event recorded by Isaiah. Few other objects from antiquity are invested with so many hopes for the future. This important volume is the first to discuss the Cylinder and its remarkable history. Written by internationally respected authorities from the British Museum, it offers a fresh consideration of its subject in the light of new discoveries. Included here is a complete new translation of the Cylinder inscription using recently identified but previously unpublished sources. Archive materials have allowed a fresh investigation of the circumstances of the original nineteenth-century find by Hormuzd Rassam, and a reappraisal of the mysterious 'Chinese bone' forgeries. The book also discusses the extraordinary and evolving history of Cyrus' timeless message: a message that continues powerfully to resonate.

The Great Persian Edict from Babylon

The Cyrus Cylinder

St John Simpson

J.A. Fraser

A festschrift in honour of Jonathan Tubb, former Levant curator and Keeper of the Department of the Middle East at the British Museum. 44 contributions reflect Jonathan’s career and professional interests with a focus on the Jordan Valley and southern Levant, but also north Syria, Mesopotamia, and the protection of endangered cultural heritage.

‘To Aleppo gone ...’: Essays in honour of Jonathan N. Tubb

A certain Princess left the remote, snow-bound palace of her birth to make her escape to London. She was tired of unsuitable suitors and wanted to be a painter. But when she got there she fell in love with a skinny artist in a garret. What would become of her? What would her parents say? This story might make you laugh and might make you cry, but what happens to the Princess who ran away is guaranteed to surprise you. 'We really wanted this manuscript' Montague Patience Phd, PhD, Principal Librarian The Last Resort Library

The Princess Who Wouldn't Come Home

'In Context: the Reade Festschrift' is a collection of invited and peer-reviewed essays by friends and colleagues of Julian Edgeworth Reade, sometime Mesopotamia curator at the British Museum from 1975 to 2000. Here is fresh work from which any reader can gain a new appreciation of the importance of the ancient Near East.

In Context: the Reade Festschrift

The recent translation of a Babylonian tablet launches a groundbreaking investigation into one of the most famous stories in the world, challenging the way we look at ancient history. Since the Victorian period, it has been understood that the story of Noah, iconic in the Book of Genesis, and a central motif in Judaism, Christianity and Islam, derives from a much older story that existed centuries before in ancient Babylon. But the relationship between the Babylonian and biblical traditions was shrouded in mystery. Then, in 2009, Irving Finkel, a curator at the British Museum and a world authority on ancient Mesopotamia, found himself playing detective when a member of the public arrived at the museum with an intriguing cuneiform tablet from a family collection. Not only did the tablet reveal a new version of the Babylonian Flood Story; the ancient poet described the size and completely unexpected shape of the ark, and gave detailed boat building specifications. Decoding this ancient message wedge by cuneiform wedge, Dr. Finkel discovered where the Babylonians believed the ark came to rest and developed a new explanation of how the old story ultimately found its way into the Bible. In The Ark Before Noah, Dr. Finkel takes us on an adventurous voyage of discovery, opening the door to an enthralling world of ancient voices and new meanings.

The landscape of this dark and powerful story is the ancient world of Assyria some 3000 years ago, a time when writing was in the world's oldest script, cuneiform, and the domination of unseen forces firmly in the hands of the state's leading Exorcist. In the capital, Nineveh, resides a deep and complex man, the power behind the King of the World. Faced with unforeseen disaster that threatens his authority, he emerges as a psychopathic killer. The author uses his familiarity with ancient writings preserved in the world's museums to recreate a vanished world in which those who step from the shadows in ruthless violence to pursue ultimate control show themselves at the same time to be disconcertingly human. The tight prose and graphic illustrations make this a gripping and unusual tale not of this world, but at the same time weirdly familiar.

The Writing in the Stone

The original account of a great flood-- forgotten for thousands of years until it was recently rediscovered and deciphered--is now retold for children

The Lifeboat That Saved the World

"British Museum expert Dr Irving Finkel reveals how decoding the symbols on a 4,000 year old piece of clay enable a radical new interpretation of the Noah's Ark myth. A world authority on the period, Dr Finkel's enthralling real-life detective story began with a most remarkable event at the British Museum - the arrival one day in 2008 of a single, modest-sized Babylonian cuneiform tablet - the palm-sized clay rectangles on which our ancestors created the first documents. It had been brought in by a member of the public and this particular tablet proved to be of quite extraordinary importance. Not only does it date from about 1850 BC, but it is a copy of the Babylonian Story of the Flood, a myth from ancient Mesopotamia revealing among other things, instructions for building a large boat to survive a flood. But Dr Finkel's pioneering work didn't stop there. Through another series of enthralling discoveries he has been able to decode the story of the Flood in ways which offer unanticipated revelations to readers of THE ARK BEFORE NOAH."--Publisher's website

Here are four board games -- the Royal Game of Ur; Mehen, the Game of the Snake; Hounds and Jackals; and the Egyptian Game of Senet -- which were popular in the days of the pharaohs in ancient Egypt and in nearby countries from about 5,000 years ago, chosen and recreated by Dr. Irving Finkel of the British Museum. Everything you need to play them is here: the playing boards recreated in sumptuous colors, playing pieces, and full instructions including variations and other possibilities you may like to try.

Ancient Board Games

The library is situated, said the short entry in the Guide to British Libraries A-L, in pleasant rolling countryside not too far from Hereford, and is perhaps most readily accessible by private motor vehicle. This statement was quite accurate. Inaccessibility had always been one of the Library's most prized qualities. The Last Resort Library was founded in 1962, and is a forward-looking institution with very much its own sense of mission, it continued. The truth was that the Guide compiler had never heard of the Library himself, but someone had mentioned it to him right at the last minute, and he was improvising while correcting proofs. Researchers should be aware that, despite the size of the Library's holdings, there is no published catalogue of any kind. That's what he had been told, and it seemed only sensible to make a formal note of it. - Prologue

The Last Resort Library

La Bibliothèque des Refusés est un établissement des plus singuliers : elle recueille – plus encore, elle sauvegarde – tout texte ayant essuyé refus sur refus de la part des éditeurs. Littérature, poésie, mémoires, récits épistolaires... tous les écrits trouvent leur place sur les étagères de la Bibliothèque des Refusés. L’arrivée impromptue d’une insupportable bibliothécaire américaine, l’imposture d’une actrice se faisant passer pour une étudiante dans l’idée de voler des idées pour son prochain film, la menace de cambrioleurs convaincus de trouver là le gros lot, sans compter l’irruption de nombreux aspirants écrivains... autant de mésaventures qui viennent perturber l’ordre tranquille de la Bibliothèque. Entre personnages hauts en couleur et situations cocasses, le tout dans un irrésistible humour british, La Bibliothèque des Refusés est également une merveilleuse déclaration d’amour aux livres et aux manuscrits en tout genre. Traduit de l’anglais par Olivier Lebleu

Au paradis des manuscrits refusés

Les véritables origines de l’histoire du Déluge Tout le monde connaît l’histoire de l’Arche de Noé et du Déluge telle qu’elle est racontée dans la Genèse. Depuis les années 1870, on sait qu’une autre histoire, similaire mais beaucoup plus ancienne, existait déjà depuis des siècles dans l’antique Babylone. Mais celle-ci demeurait nimbée de mystère. Conservateur au British Museum et spécialiste international de la Mésopotamie ancienne, Irving Finkel s’est retrouvé plongé dans une enquête policière inédite lorsqu’un visiteur lui a apporté au musée la mystérieuse tablette qu’il avait héritée de son père. Cette dernière ne présente pas seulement une nouvelle version du récit diluvien babylonien : l’auteur antique y décrit aussi la taille et la forme d’une Arche tout à fait inattendue, et livre les caractéristiques détaillées de sa construction. On découvrira ainsi le lieu où les Babyloniens croyaient que l’Arche avait accosté ainsi qu’une nouvelle explication de l’introduction de cette histoire dans le texte de la Bible. L'Arche avant Noé, Les véritables origines de l'histoire du Déluge nous entraîne dans une authentique exploration, du monde fascinant des écritures antiques. Traduit de l'anglais par Olivier Lebleu

L'Arche avant Noé

In THE ARK BEFORE NOAH, British Museum expert Dr Irving Finkel reveals how decoding the symbols on a 4,000 year old piece of clay enable a radical new interpretation of the Noah's Ark myth. A world authority on the period, Dr Finkel's enthralling real-life detective story began with a most remarkable event at the British Museum - the arrival one day in 2008 of a single, modest-sized Babylonian cuneiform tablet - the palm-sized clay rectangles on which our ancestors created the first documents. It had been brought in by a member of the public and this particular tablet proved to be of quite extraordinary importance. Not only does it date from about 1850 BC, but it is a copy of the Babylonian Story of the Flood, a myth from ancient Mesopotamia revealing among other things, instructions for building a large boat to survive a flood. But Dr Finkel's pioneering work didn't stop there. Through another series of enthralling discoveries he has been able to decode the story of the Flood in ways which offer unanticipated revelations to readers of THE ARK BEFORE NOAH.

Irving Finkel

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