James C. Spohrer

This volume describes a cognitive model of student programmers, and an implementation of that model that allows student programmers to be simulated. The focus of the model is on the problem solving that students perform to generate both correct and buggy programs as well as on the individual differences that cause different students to generate different programs for the same programming task. By developing a taxonomy of student programmer knowledge; a model of student program generation; and a preliminary model of individual differences, this research contributes to a better understanding of four areas of the study of student programmers. The most important claim is that a cognitive model of student program generation fits within a properly fleshed out generate test-and-debug (GTD) problem solving architecture in which impasse/repair knowledge plays a key role. This research is important theoretically because it explores the use of a GTD impasse/repair problem solving architecture in a new domain, and important practically because of its educational implications for programming instructions.

Simulating the Novice Programmer

MARCEL

Haluk Demirkan

Vikas Krishna

The Science of Service Systems intends to stimulate discussion and understanding by presenting theory-based research with actionable results. Most of the articles focus on formalizing the theoretical foundations for a science of service systems, examining a wide range of substantive issues and implementations related to service science from various perspectives. From the formal (ontologies, representation specifications, decision-making and maturity models) to the informal (analysis frameworks, design heuristics, anecdotal observations), these contributions provide a snapshot in time of the gradually emerging scientific understanding of service systems. The Science of Service Systems, along with its companion text, Service Systems Implementation, is designed to present multidisciplinary and multisectoral perspectives on the nature of service systems, on research and practice in service, and on the future directions to advance service science. These two volumes compose a collection of articles from those involved in the emerging area known as service science.

James C. Spohrer

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