James W. Russell

In Double Standard, James W. Russell shows how and why different models of social and welfare policy developed in the United States and Europe. The third edition comparatively examines how Europe and the United States have handled common social problems such as poverty, inequality, unemployment, family support, health care provision, ethnic and racial conflict, and crime. These different social policy orientations have produced disparate social ways of life, ways of life that are now in contention for the future of Western societies. Retaining its exceptionally clear exposition of the relationship between social policy and the history of social thought, social theory, and political ideology, the third edition contains new material on: The Affordable Care Act in the United States compared to European health care programs The influence of Milton Friedman on the reduction of social spending and privatization of social programs Paid vacation differences between Europe and the United States A new Afterword on the continuing social effects of the 2008 recession (the “Great Recession”) in Europe and the United States A thorough updating of statistical information The third edition of Double Standard is a thought-provoking and up-to-date exploration of the distinctive differences in social policy in the U.S. and Europe that helps students approach key issues through a new perspective.

Social Policy in Europe and the United States

Double Standard

On August 13, 1521, the largest and most developed of North America's societies, the Aztec empire, fell to Spanish invaders who, along with later European colonizers, built new societies in which they occupied the dominant class positions and forced Indians, imported African slaves, and Asians into subordinate positions. As a result of the conquest, race has become an enduring issue in the class structuring of North American societies. Originally published as After the Fifth Sun: Class and Race in North America, this new, significantly expanded edition offers a comparative exploration of how patterns of class and racial inequality developed in the United States, Mexico, and Canada from colonial pasts to the beginning of the North American Free Trade Agreement and the post-NAFTA environment. What Russell reveals is a continent of diverse historical experiences, class systems, and ways of thinking about race.

Class and Race Formation in North America

"Russell's meticulously researched and highly detailed book presents a critically important people's history of North America. It provides rich insights and demonstrates the potential of comparative research to broaden our perspective." - Dan Zuberi, University of British Columbia

This book offers a comparative exploration of the forms of social inequality in the United States, Mexico, and Canada, and demonstrates the separate logics and options in social thinking and policies that exist in each country. Shows how class and racial distinctions in North America first became an issue during Spanish and European colonization and then developed into patterns in all parts of North America. Shows that the patterns have had significant differences as well as similarities in the areas that became the United States, Mexico, and Canada. Comparatively describes the separate inequalities and accounts for how they developed. Considers the various inequalities from the outsider's view as well as through insiders' perspectives. For those interested in social stratification and racial and ethnic relations.

Class and Race in North America

After the Fifth Sun

Eva L. Feldman

Wolfgang Grisold

Wolfgang N. Löscher

This atlas presents a comprehensive outline of neuromuscular diseases, written by respected American and European authors. It discusses all aspects of neuromuscular disorders including cranial and spinal nerves, motor neuron diseases, nerve plexus, peripheral nerves, mono- and polyneuropathies, entrapment syndromes, neuromuscular junctions, and muscle disease. Each chapter is structured into the following sections: anatomy, symptoms, signs, pathogenesis, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, therapy and prognosis. The diagnostic tools in neuromuscular disease are explained and practical guidelines are offered on how to advance from symptoms to syndromes. The therapeutic options for each disease are also described. In this new edition, the structure of the chapters has been reorganized and chapters on principles of peripheral nerves, nerve pain, nerve surgery and rehabilitation have been added. The current trend of increased use of imaging techniques such as US and MRI in the diagnosis and follow-up of neuromuscular disorders is also reflected.

James W. Russell

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