Jean-Pierre Aubin

A marriage of the finite-differences method with variational methods for solving boundary-value problems, the finite-element method is superior in many ways to finite-differences alone. This self-contained text for advanced undergraduates and graduate students is intended to imbed this combination of methods into the framework of functional analysis and to explain its applications to approximation of nonhomogeneous boundary-value problems for elliptic operators. The treatment begins with a summary of the main results established in the book. Chapter 1 introduces the variational method and the finite-difference method in the simple case of second-order differential equations. Chapters 2 and 3 concern abstract approximations of Hilbert spaces and linear operators, and Chapters 4 and 5 study finite-element approximations of Sobolev spaces. The remaining four chapters consider several methods for approximating nonhomogeneous boundary-value problems for elliptic operators.

Approximation of Elliptic Boundary-Value Problems

Ivar Ekeland

Nonlinear analysis, formerly a subsidiary of linear analysis, has advanced as an individual discipline, with its own methods and applications. Moreover, students can now approach this highly active field without the preliminaries of linear analysis. As this text demonstrates, the concepts of nonlinear analysis are simple, their proofs direct, and their applications clear. No prerequisites are necessary beyond the elementary theory of Hilbert spaces; indeed, many of the most interesting results lie in Euclidean spaces. In order to remain at an introductory level, this volume refrains from delving into technical difficulties and sophisticated results not in current use. Applications are explained as soon as possible, and theoretical aspects are geared toward practical use. Topics range from very smooth functions to nonsmooth ones, from convex variational problems to nonconvex ones, and from economics to mechanics. Background notes, comments, bibliography, and indexes supplement the text.

Applied Nonlinear Analysis

"The book is a compendium of the state of knowledge about viability...Mathematically, the book should be accessible to anyone who has had basic graduate courses in modern analysis and functional analysis...The concepts are defined and many proofs of the requisite results are reproduced here, making the present book essentially self-contained." —Bulletin of the AMS "Because of the wide scope, the book is an ideal reference for people encountering problems related to viability theory in their research...It gives a very thorough mathematical presentation. Very useful for anybody confronted with viability constraints." —Mededelingen van het Wiskundig Genootschap

Viability Theory

A novel, practical introduction to functional analysis In the twenty years since the first edition of Applied FunctionalAnalysis was published, there has been an explosion in the numberof books on functional analysis. Yet none of these offers theunique perspective of this new edition. Jean-Pierre Aubin updateshis popular reference on functional analysis with new insights andrecent discoveries-adding three new chapters on set-valued analysisand convex analysis, viability kernels and capture basins, andfirst-order partial differential equations. He presents, for thefirst time at an introductory level, the extension of differentialcalculus in the framework of both the theory of distributions andset-valued analysis, and discusses their application for studyingboundary-value problems for elliptic and parabolic partialdifferential equations and for systems of first-order partialdifferential equations. To keep the presentation concise and accessible, Jean-Pierre Aubinintroduces functional analysis through the simple Hilbertianstructure. He seamlessly blends pure mathematics with applied areasthat illustrate the theory, incorporating a broad range of examplesfrom numerical analysis, systems theory, calculus of variations,control and optimization theory, convex and nonsmooth analysis, andmore. Finally, a summary of the essential theorems as well asexercises reinforcing key concepts are provided. Applied FunctionalAnalysis, Second Edition is an excellent and timely resource forboth pure and applied mathematicians.

Applied Functional Analysis

Mathematical economics and game theory approached with the fundamental mathematical toolbox of nonlinear functional analysis are the central themes of this text. Both optimization and equilibrium theories are covered in full detail. The book's central application is the fundamental economic problem of allocating scarce resources among competing agents, which leads to considerations of the interrelated applications in game theory and the theory of optimization. Mathematicians, mathematical economists, and operations research specialists will find that it provides a solid foundation in nonlinear functional analysis. This text begins by developing linear and convex analysis in the context of optimization theory. The treatment includes results on the existence and stability of solutions to optimization problems as well as an introduction to duality theory. The second part explores a number of topics in game theory and mathematical economics, including two-person games, which provide the framework to study theorems of nonlinear analysis. The text concludes with an introduction to non-linear analysis and optimal control theory, including an array of fixed point and subjectivity theorems that offer powerful tools in proving existence theorems.

Mathematical Methods of Game and Economic Theory

Patrick Saint-Pierre

Pierre Bernhard

Jacob C. Engwerda

Berend Roorda

J.M. Schumacher

Vassili Kolokoltsov

Toward the late 1990s, several research groups independently began developing new, related theories in mathematical finance. These theories did away with the standard stochastic geometric diffusion “Samuelson” market model (also known as the Black-Scholes model because it is used in that most famous theory), instead opting for models that allowed minimax approaches to complement or replace stochastic methods. Among the most fruitful models were those utilizing game-theoretic tools and the so-called interval market model. Over time, these models have slowly but steadily gained influence in the financial community, providing a useful alternative to classical methods. A self-contained monograph, The Interval Market Model in Mathematical Finance: Game-Theoretic Methods assembles some of the most important results, old and new, in this area of research. Written by seven of the most prominent pioneers of the interval market model and game-theoretic finance, the work provides a detailed account of several closely related modeling techniques for an array of problems in mathematical economics. The book is divided into five parts, which successively address topics including: · probability-free Black-Scholes theory; · fair-price interval of an option; · representation formulas and fast algorithms for option pricing; · rainbow options; · tychastic approach of mathematical finance based upon viability theory. This book provides a welcome addition to the literature, complementing myriad titles on the market that take a classical approach to mathematical finance. It is a worthwhile resource for researchers in applied mathematics and quantitative finance, and has also been written in a manner accessible to financially-inclined readers with a limited technical background.

Game-Theoretic Methods

The Interval Market Model in Mathematical Finance

Alexandre M. Bayen

Viability theory designs and develops mathematical and algorithmic methods for investigating the adaptation to viability constraints of evolutions governed by complex systems under uncertainty that are found in many domains involving living beings, from biological evolution to economics, from environmental sciences to financial markets, from control theory and robotics to cognitive sciences. It involves interdisciplinary investigations spanning fields that have traditionally developed in isolation. The purpose of this book is to present an initiation to applications of viability theory, explaining and motivating the main concepts and illustrating them with numerous numerical examples taken from various fields.

Jean-Pierre Aubin

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