Joachim Funke

Annette Kluge

Wolfgang Schoppek

Magda Osman

Complex problem solving (CPS) and related topics such as dynamic decision-making (DDM) and complex dynamic control (CDC) represent multifaceted psychological phenomena. In abroad sense, CPS encompasses learning, decision-making, and acting in complex and dynamic situations. Moreover, solutions to problems that people face in such situations are often generated in teams or groups. This adds another layer of complexity to the situation itself because of the emerging issues that arise from the social dynamics of group interactions. This framing of CPS means that it is not a single construct that can be measured by using a particular type of CPS task (e.g. minimal complex system tests), which is a view taken by the psychometric community. The proposed approach taken here is that because CPS is multifaceted, multiple approaches need to be taken to fully capture and understand what it is and how the different cognitive processes associated with it complement each other.Thus, this Research Topic is aimed at showcasing the latest work in the fields of CPS, as well as DDM and CDC that takes a holist approach to investigating and theorizing about these abilities. The collection of articles encompasses conceptual approaches as well as experimental and correlational studies involving established or new tools to examine CPS, DDM and CDC. This work contributes to answering questions about what strategies and what general knowledge can be transferred from one type of complex and dynamic situation to another, what learning conditions result in transferable knowledge and skills, and how these features can be trained.

Complex Problem Solving Beyond the Psychometric Approach

Michael Wink

Rainer M. Holm-Hadulla

Intelligence allows people to understand events and to shape their surrounding environment. This book delves deeper into the theories and applications of intelligence, showing it is a multifaceted concept —defined and explained differently by prestigious experts of various disciplines in their own research. The book provides interdisciplinary connections of intelligence as it relates to a variety of clearly outlined subject areas, and should lead to a deep understanding of the phenomenon as it pertains to practical applications in different domains. Contributors in this volume present results from evolutionary biology, mathematics, artificial intelligence, medicine, psychology, cultural studies, economy, political sciences and philosophy. Individual scientific models are integrated in an interdisciplinary concept of wisdom. This volume will help enhance the common understanding of intelligence for fellow researchers and scientists alike.

Intelligence - Theories and Applications

Peter A. Frensch

First Published in 1995. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

The European Perspective

Complex Problem Solving

Peter A Frensch

Das Handbuch bietet einen Überblick über das Fachgebiet der Kognitiven Psychologie, den es so aktuell, so umfassend und zugleich so kompakt nirgendwo anders gibt. In 89 Kapiteln werden wichtige Konzepte wie z.B. Kognition, Aufmerksamkeit, Arbeitsgedächtnis, Kreativität, Handlungsplanung oder Textverstehen vorgestellt.Geordnet sind die Beiträge nach den großen Bereichen Wahrnehmung, Lernen, Gedächtnis, Denken, Handlungsplanung und -steuerung sowie Sprache. Zusätzlich gibt es eine Sektion, in der übergreifende Konzepte wie Bewusstsein, Intelligenz oder Zeit dargestellt werden. Ein weiterer Abschnitt des Handbuches erläutert spezifische Methoden der Kognitionsforschung wie z.B. mentale Chronometrie, lautes Denken oder Pupillometrie. Die Kenntnis dieses Stoffes ist nicht nur für Studierende nützlich, sondern hilft in dieser kompakten Form auch Experten, sich über den neuesten Stand in Nachbargebieten kurz und kompetent zu informieren.

Handbuch der Allgemeinen Psychologie - Kognition

Bianca Vaterrodt

Was ist Intelligenz?

This volume presents a state-of-the-science review of the most promising current European research -- and its historic roots of research -- on complex problem solving (CPS) in Europe. It is an attempt to close the knowledge gap among American scholars regarding the European approach to understanding CPS. Although most of the American researchers are well aware of the fact that CPS has been a very active research area in Europe for quite some time, they do not know any specifics about even the most important research. Part of the reason for this lack of knowledge is undoubtedly the fact that European researchers -- for the most part -- have been rather reluctant to publish their work in English-language journals. The book concentrates on European research because the basic approach European scholars have taken to studying CPS is very different from one taken by North American researchers. Traditionally, American scholars have been studying CPS in "natural" domains -- physics, reading, writing, and chess playing -- concentrating primarily on exploring novice-expert differences and the acquisition of a complex skill. European scholars, in contrast, have been primarily concerned with problem solving behavior in artificially generated, mostly computerized, complex systems. While the American approach has the advantage of high external validity, the European approach has the advantage of system variables that can be systematically manipulated to reveal the effects of system parameters on CPS behavior. The two approaches are thus best viewed as complementing each other. This volume contains contributions from four European countries -- Sweden, Switzerland, Great Britain, and Germany. As such, it accurately represents the bulk of empirical research on CPS which has been conducted in Europe. An international cooperation started two years ago with the goal of bringing the European research on complex problem solving to the awareness of American scholars. A direct result of that effort, the contributions to this book are both informative and comprehensive.

Henning Plessner

Tilmann Betsch

Die neue Reihe zur allgemeinen Psychologie erscheint in 4 kompakten Bänden. Je nach Studien- und Prüfungsschwerpunkt können die benötigten Module zusammengestellt werden. Dieser Band enthält alle prüfungsrelevanten Themen des Faches „Denken“: Im Teil „Entscheiden“ werden die zentralen Phasen des Entscheidungsprozesses vorgestellt, im zweiten Teil die menschlichen Strategien und Regeln der Urteilsbildung, Teil drei behandelt die Theorien und Phänomene des Problemlösens. Begleitende Website mit Lerntools für Studierende und Materialien für Dozenten sowie kostenlosen Hörbeiträgen aller Kapitel.

Allgemeine Psychologie für Bachelor: Denken - Urteilen, Entscheiden, Problemlösen. Lesen, Hören, Lernen im Web.

Probleme begegnen uns täglich. Von einfachen Alltagsschwierigkeiten bis zu folgereichen Lebensentscheidungen, von eng vernetzten Organisationsaufgaben bis zu globalen politischen Fragestellungen reicht die Palette der Probleme, die es zu lösen gilt. Wie gehen Menschen dabei vor? Wie lässt sich die besondere Fähigkeit zum problemlösenden Denken erforschen, beschreiben und erklären? Was wissen wir über die kognitiven und kreativen Prozesse, die ablaufen, wenn man die Veränderung einer gegebenen Situation zielgerichtet anstrebt? Ziel des Buches ist es, die vorliegenden Modelle, Untersuchungsmethoden und Befunde zum einfachen und komplexen Problemlösen zu ordnen und ihre Beziehungen zu anderen Bereichen der Psychologie herauszuarbeiten. Studierende, Forschende und interessierte Laien finden hier eine umfassende und übersichtliche Darstellung.

Problemlösendes Denken

Edgar Wunder

Peter Meusburger

Milieus of Creativity is the second volume in the book series Knowledge and Space. This book deals with spatial disparities of knowledge and the impact of environments, space and contexts on the production and application of knowledge. The contributions in this volume focus on the role of places, environments, and spatial contexts for the emergence and perpetuation of creativity. Is environment a social or a spatial phenomenon? Are only social factors relevant for the development of creativity or should one also include material artefacts and resources in its definition? How can we explain spatial disparities of creativity without falling victim to geodeterminism? This book offers insights from various disciplines such as environmental psychology, philosophy, and social geography. It presents the results of a research conference at Heidelberg University in September 2006, which was supported by the Klaus Tschira Foundation.

Joachim Funke

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