Jocelyne Cesari

José Casanova

The relationship between secularism, democracy, religion, and gender equality has been a complex one across Western democracies and still remains contested. When we turn to Muslim countries, the situation is even more multifaceted. In the views of many western commentators, the question of Women Rights is the litmus test for Muslim societies in the age of democracy and liberalism. Especially since the Arab Awakening, the issue is usually framed as the opposition between liberal advocates of secular democracy and religious opponents of women's full equality. Islam, Gender, and Democracy in Comparative Perspective critically re-engages this too simple binary opposition by reframing the debate around Islam and women's rights within a broader comparative literature. Bringing together leading scholars from a range of disciplines, it examines the complex and contingent historical relationships between religion, secularism, democracy, law, and gender equality. Part One addresses the nexus of religion, law, gender, and democracy through different disciplinary perspectives (sociology, anthropology, political science, law). Part Two localizes the implementation of this nexus between law, gender, and democracy and provides contextualized responses to questions raised in Part One. The contributors explore the situation of Muslim women's rights in minority conditions to shed light on the gender politics in the modernization of the nation and to ponder on the role of Islam in gender inequality across different Muslim countries.

Islam, Gender, and Democracy in Comparative Perspective

Why and how did Islam become such a political force in so many Muslim-majority countries? In this book, Jocelyne Cesari investigates the relationship between modernization, politics, and Islam in Muslim-majority countries such as Egypt, Iraq, Pakistan, Tunisia, and Turkey - countries that were founded by secular rulers and have since undergone secularized politics. Cesari argues that nation-building processes in these states have not created liberal democracies in the Western mold, but have instead spurred the politicization of Islam by turning it into a modern national ideology. Looking closely at examples of Islamic dominance in political modernization, this study provides a unique overview of the historical and political developments from the end of World War II to the Arab Spring that have made Islam the dominant force in the construction of the modern states, and discusses Islam's impact on emerging democracies in the contemporary Middle East.

The Awakening of Muslim Democracy

Some scholars believe that the influence of Islam in the United States can be traced back to Thomas Jefferson. Today, Islam and American Muslim populations are growing in importance in this country, and demand for information about them is high, especially in the aftermath of September 11, 2001. This A-to-Z encyclopedia will help students and other readers get a fast grip on pertinent holidays, terms, beliefs, practices, notables, and sects of the Islamic faith and Muslim practitioners in the United States. The accompanying primary documents volume provides 93 crucial articles, speeches, essays, poems, songs, and more to flesh out the encyclopedia entries. This encyclopedia and primary documents set, the first on the topic and for the general reader, is a must-have for every library. The primary focus is contemporary but the entries are historically contextualized, so the fuller picture of origins outside the country and practice now in the United States is clear. Further reading suggestions accompany each entry. The primary documents volume enhances the encyclopedic entries with annotated selections such as an article from an entry on a leading Muslim American magazine or an essay by a Muslim American scholar to illuminate an entry on her. This will be a boon for students doing reports on Islam and for non-Muslims looking to learn about Muslims in an objective, broad way. It is clearly and authoritatively written and compiled by a host of scholars, primarily from Harvard University's Center for Middle Eastern Studies. An introduction, chronology, selected bibliography, set index, and photos round out the set. Sample entries: African Americans; Bush, George W.; Calendar; Dietary Rules; Dress; Gulf War; Hate Crimes; Iranian Hostage Crisis; Media Coverage; The Message International Magazine; Mosques; Music; Muslim Students Association; Nation of Islam; Native Americans; New York City; Poetry; Prisons; Shi'a Communities; Sufism; World Trade Center; Young Professionals. Sample documents: Salah Al-Sawy, The Assembly of Muslim Jurists in America Fatwa Against the Danish Media and Government over the Cartoon Crisis, from The Assembly of Muslim Jurists in America; Michael Wolfe, Michael Wolfe, United States, 1990, from One Thousand Roads to Mecca: Ten Centuries of Travelers Writing about the Muslim Pilgrimage; Waris and Wajid Syed, Top 10 Muslim Hip-Hop Lyrics, from Warbux Records, beliefnet.com

Encyclopedia of Islam in the United States

Cesari argues that both religious and national communities are defined by the three Bs: belief, behaviour and belonging. By focusing on the ways in which these three Bs intersect, overlap or clash, she identifies the patterns of the politicization of religion, and vice versa, in any given context. Her approach has four advantages: firstly, it combines an exploration of institutional and ideational changes across time, which are usually separated by disciplinary boundaries. Secondly, it illustrates the heuristic value of combining qualitative and quantitative methods by statistically testing the validity of the patterns identified in the qualitative historical phase of the research. Thirdly, it avoids reducing religion to beliefs by investigating the significance of the institution-ideas connections, and fourthly, it broadens the political approach beyond state-religion relations to take into account actions and ideas conveyed in other arenas such as education, welfare, and culture.

Christianity, Islam and Hinduism in the World of Nations

We God's People

Alain Moreau

Alexandra Schleyer-Lindenmann

Aujourd'hui, l'alchimie sociale de Marseille intrigue et suscite de nombreuses questions. Pourquoi, avec un taux de chômage proche du double de la moyenne nationale, et des milliers de familles sous le seuil de pauvreté, la ville n'a-t-elle jamais explosé ? Comment se fait-il qu'il n'y ait pas de banlieues ? Pourquoi l'intégration des immigrés semble s'y passer plutôt bien ? Comment finalement se résolvent les tensions sociales ? A partir de plusieurs enquêtes de terrain, les auteurs tentent de répondre à ces questions, et dégagent les caractéristiques de la communauté marseillaise et de sa culture locale.

Migrations, identités et territoires à Marseille

" PLUS MARSEILLAIS QUE MOI , TU MEURS ! "

Si, pendant longtemps, les médias ont porté sur Marseille un regard négatif, ils donnent désormais de la cité phocéenne une image plus nuancée et beaucoup plus positive. C'est qu'aujourd'hui, en comparaison avec d'autres grandes agglomérations de France, l'alchimie sociale de la ville intrigue et suscite de nombreuses questions. Pourquoi, avec un taux de chômage proche du double de la moyenne nationale, et des milliers de familles sous le seuil de pauvreté, la ville n'a-t-elle jamais explosé ? Comment se fait-il qu'elle n'ait pas de banlieues ? Pourquoi l'intégration des immigrés semble s'y passer plutôt bien ? Comment expliquer l'absence d'affaire de foulard médiatisée ? Comment les différentes communautés parviennent-elles à vivre ensemble ? Pourquoi les jeunes d'origine maghrébine sont-ils fiers d'être marseillais ? Comment finalement se résolvent les tensions sociales ? A partir de plusieurs enquêtes de terrain, et en prenant comme fil d'analyse l'étude de l'intégration des immigrés, les auteurs, universitaires et chercheurs, tentent de répondre à ces questions. Pas à pas, ils dégagent les caractéristiques de la communauté marseillaise et de sa culture locale, pour nous en révéler la spécificité.

migrations, identités et territoires à Marseille

Plus marseillais que moi, tu meurs!

Why and how did Islam become such a political force in so many Muslim-majority countries? In this book, Jocelyne Cesari investigates the relationship between modernization, politics, and Islam in Muslim-majority countries such as Egypt, Iraq, Pakistan, Tunisia, and Turkey - countries that were founded by secular rulers and have since undergone secularized politics. Cesari argues that nation-building processes in these states have not created liberal democracies in the Western mold, but have instead spurred the politicization of Islam by turning it into a modern national ideology. Looking closely at examples of Islamic dominance in political modernization - for example, nationalization of Islamic institutions and personnel under state ministries; reliance on Islamic references in political discourse, religiously motivated social unrest, or violence; and internationalization of Islam-aligned political movements or conflicts - this study provides a unique overview of the historical and political developments from the end of World War II to the Arab Spring that have made Islam the dominant force in the construction of the modern states, and discusses Islam's impact on emerging democracies in the contemporary Middle East.

Religion, Modernity, and the State

This book is the first systematic attempt to study the situation of European and American Muslims after 9/11, and to present a comprehensive analysis of their religious, political, and legal situations. Since 9/11, and particularly since the Madrid and London bombings of 2004 and 2005, the Muslim presence in Europe and the United States has become a major political concern. Many have raised questions regarding potential links between Western Muslims, radical Islam, and terrorism. Whatever the justification of such concerns, it is insufficient to address the subject of Muslims in the West from an exclusively counter-terrorist perspective. Based on empirical studies of Muslims in the US and Western Europe, this edited volume posits the situation of Muslim minorities in a broader reflection on the status of liberalism in Western foreign policies. It also explores the changes in immigration policies, multiculturalism and secularism that have been shaped by the new international context of the ‘war on terror’. This book will be of great interest to students of Critical Security Studies, Islamic Studies, Sociology and Political Science in general. Jocelyne Cesari is an Associate at Harvard’s Center for Middle Eastern Studies and the Center for European Studies, teaching at Harvard Divinity School and the Government Department, specializing in Islam and the Middle East.

Religion, Politics and Law

Muslims in the West After 9/11

Exploring the woefully neglected reality of Islam as a major cultural and relgious facet of American and European politics and societies, Cesari examines how Muslims in the West are challenging the notion of an inevitable clash or confrontation. With nearly twelve million Muslims living in the larger countries of Western Europe and almost six million in America, the challenges of integrating newcomers within different countries, and the place of Islam in democratic and secular context in the post 9/11 context, have become more pertinent. Comparing the interaction of Muslims with their new countries, this book addresses the implications of increased Islamic visability, violent clashes, beneficial cooperation, and questions within the Muslim community about their role and the role of Islam in democratic states. Pursuing a holistic approach to Muslims as a new minority within western democracy, Cesari provides important insights.

When Islam and Democracy Meet: Muslims in Europe and in the United States

The Oxford Handbook of European Islam is the first comprehensive approach to the multiple ways Islam has been studied across European countries. It is not a compilation of country profiles but rather a unique analytical review of the state of knowledge about Islam and Muslim in different European countries, as well as on thematic issues such as Hijab, Sharia, or Islamophobia. For this reason, it will remain relevant beyond the continuous flow of eventsthat rapidly make obsolete other sorts of compilation. It is also the first time, that Western and Eastern Europe are systematically analyzed together in one volume on the question of Islam, bringing to light similarities and also differences in the status of Muslims in these different parts of Europe.

Jocelyne Cesari

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