Joel Darmstadter

Brian Shannon

Michael Toman

Aimee E. Curtright

David S. Ortiz

In this report, RAND researchers assess the potential future production levels, production costs, greenhouse gases, and other environmental implications of synthetic crude oil from oil sands and fuels produced via coal liquefaction relative to conventional petroleum-based transportation fuels. The findings indicate the potential cost-competitiveness of these alternative fuels and potential economic-environmental trade-offs from their deployment.

Economic and Environmental Trade-Offs

Unconventional Fossil-Based Fuels

Richard J. Gonzalez

Raymond W. Smilor

Improving U.S. Energy Security

Michael A. Toman

In 1992, Resources for the Future conducted a workshop concerning the issues of global climate change. This title, originally published in 1993, is a collection of the revised versions of the papers commissioned for the workshop with an added introduction and overview. Each paper emphasises the potential nonlinearities or surprises in physical effects caused by humans loading the atmosphere with greenhouse gases and examines how shifts in the natural environment from climate change may affect human well-being. This collection is a valuable resource for any student interested in environmental studies and climate change issues.

Proceedings of an Interdisciplinary Workshop

Assessing Surprises and Nonlinearities in Greenhouse Warming

Joel Darmstadter

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