Julia Lowell

U.S. policymakers claim that single-handed U.S. efforts to increase Japanese imports of foreign goods and services are benefiting exporters worldwide. But opinion on this policy is divided--the European Union and Japan have been openly critical, whereas smaller countries seem to be taking a more nuanced view. Drawing on a series of interviews with Australian government officials and business leaders, this paper explores Australian views of the U.S. measures, and considers how U.S. policies have affected Australia's export opportunities in Japan and what policy tools are available to Australia for influencing the outcomes of U.S.-Japan negotiations. It reports two opposing views: (1) Australia should counter perceived U.S. moves toward bilaterally managed trade, and (2) Australia should join with the United States in its attempts to open Japanese markets.

Australian Views of the US Trade Crusade Against Japan

Free Trade Champion?

This report, the final in a series of four on state arts agencies, looks at these agencies' efforts to rethink their roles and missions, reflecting on what the changes may mean for state arts policy and the structure of state arts funding. The author offers a view of what the future may hold for state arts agencies and for state arts policy if current trends and strategies continue.

Trends and Future Prospects

State Arts Policy

Laura Zakaras

What does it mean to cultivate demand for the arts? Why is it important and necessary to do so? What can state arts agencies and other arts and education policymakers do to make it happen? The authors set out a framework for thinking about supply and demand in the arts and identify the roles that different factors, particularly arts learning, play in increasing demand for the arts.

Julia Lowell

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