Larry John Schaaf

Anna Atkins

"Recognized as the earliest female photographer, Anna Atkins is equally remarkable for having produced the first book to use photographic illustrations. That book, [Photographs of] British algae : cyanotype impressions ... constitutes the first serious application of photography to scientific publication ... In 1841, Anna Atkins was inspired by advice from Fox Talbot, inventor of photography on paper, to take up the new art. By the autumn of 1843, she had mastered Sir John Herschel's 'beautiful process of cyanotype' (the blueprint process) and began issuing the first parts of her book, which documented her large collection of seaweed. While it was not uncommon for contemporary ladies to occupy their leisure time gathering and preserving botanical specimens, few were as dedicated or as creative as Mrs. Atkins. She inspired her friend Anne Dixon, a vicar's wife, to collaborate with her in creating the elegant cyanotype photograms of ferns, flowers, feathers, and lace which appear in this volume"--Book jacket.

Victorian Photograms

Sun Gardens

Hans P. Kraus, Jr. (Firm)

Dr. Thomas Keith and John Forbes White. Catalogue six

Sun Pictures

William Henry Fox Talbot

The Pencil of Nature

John Frederick William Herschel

This 120-page publication Tracings of Light: Sir John Herschel & The Camera Lucida, by photo historian Larry J. Schaaf combines a substantial assessment of the camera lucida as a drawing tool with biographical information on Herschel, his counterparts, and their role in the development of photography.

Sir John Herschel & the Camera Lucida : Drawings from the Graham Nash Collection

Tracings of Light

J. Paul Getty Museum

Schaaf, an independent photohistorian and research professor at the University of Glasgow and the director of the Correspondence of William Henry Fox Talbot Project, discusses approximately fifty of Talbot's images in the collection of the Getty Museum."--BOOK JACKET.

Photographs from the J. Paul Getty Museum

H. Fox Talbot's Anniversary Facsimile

Roger Taylor

Photography emerged in 1839 in two forms simultaneously. In France, Louis Daguerre produced photographs on silvered sheets of copper, while in Great Britain, William Henry Fox Talbot put forward a method of capturing an image on ordinary writing paper treated with chemicals. Talbot’s invention, a paper negative from which any number of positive prints could be made, became the progenitor of virtually all photography carried out before the digital age. Talbot named his perfected invention "calotype," a term based on the Greek word for beauty. Calotypes were characterized by a capacity for subtle tonal distinctions, massing of light and shadow, and softness of detail. In the 1840s, amateur photographers in Britain responded with enthusiasm to the challenges posed by the new medium. Their subjects were wide-ranging, including landscapes and nature studies, architecture, and portraits. Glass-negative photography, which appeared in 1851, was based on the same principles as the paper negative but yielded a sharper picture, and quickly gained popularity. Despite the rise of glass negatives in commercial photography, many gentlemen of leisure and learning continued to use paper negatives into the 1850s and 1860s. These amateurs did not seek the widespread distribution and international reputation pursued by their commercial counterparts, nearly all of whom favored glass negatives. As a result, many of these calotype works were produced in a small number of prints for friends and fellow photographers or for a family album. This richly illustrated, landmark publication tells the first full history of the calotype, embedding it in the context of Britain’s changing fortunes, intricate class structure, ever-growing industrialization, and the new spirit under Queen Victoria. Of the 118 early photographs presented here in meticulously printed plates, many have never before been published or exhibited.

British Photographs from Paper Negatives, 1840-1860

Impressed by Light

This book chronicles for the first time in a detailed fashion the critical days of the invention and development of photography. In particular it explores the relationship between two Englishmen who played a key role in photography's early years; the preeminent scientist Sir John Herschel and William Henry Fox Talbot, the artist and scientist who had invented his own photographic process years before Louis Daguerre announced his discovery in Paris in 1839. Drawing on hundreds of Herschel's and Talbot's letters, notebooks, and diaries, Larry J. Schaaf tells the story of the evolution of photography as expressed through their words, and in the process he sheds light on some questions over which others have puzzled. Given that the camera and the necessary chemistry had coexisted for years, why rather than how was photography invented? Why did Talbot keep his own photographic process secret until Daguerre's announcement? Why did Herschel make such fundamental contributions to the process of photography, yet take very few pictures himself? Who or what provided the visual training that allowed Talbot to grow into the first photographic artist? Schaaf skillfully describes the complexities of the events, the personalities and interests of the participants, the often vital role played by trivial circumstances, and the chaotic nature of the progress of photography. He narrates the rivalry between Talbot and Daguerre, showing how it mirrored the differences between France and Great Britain in their support of science and art. Enhanced by more than 100 reproductions in color and in duotone of some of the earliest photographs ever made, this book vividly re-creates both the invention of an art and the art of invention.

Herschel, Talbot & the Invention of Photography

Out of the Shadows

Larry John Schaaf

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