Marit Skivenes

Kenneth Burns

Tarja Pösö

Acknowledgements -- Contributors -- Child welfare removals by the state / complex and controversial decisions / Kenneth Burns, Tarja Poso and Marit Skivenes -- Removals of children in Finland: a mix of voluntary and involuntary decisions / Tarja Poso and Raija Huhtanen -- Norway : child welfare decision-making in cases of removals of children / Marit Skivenes and Karl Harald Søvig -- Placing children in state care in Sweden : decision-making bodies, laypersons and legal framework / Gustav Svensson and Staffan Højer -- Removing children from their families due to child protection in Germany / Monika Haug and Theresia Høynck -- Child removal proceedings in Switzerland / Stefan Schnurr -- Child removal decision-making systems in Ireland : law, policy and practice / Kenneth Burns, Conor O'Mahony, Caroline Shore and Aisling Parkes -- State intervention in family life in England : safeguarding children through care proceedings and adoption / Karen Broadhurst -- How children are removed from home in the United States / Katrin Kriz, Janese Free and Grant Kuehl -- Removals of children by the child welfare system / variations and differences across countries / Kenneth Burns, Tarja Poso and Marit Skivenes -- Index

A Cross-country Analysis of Decision-making Systems

Child Welfare Removals by the State

Malcolm Langford

Karl Harald Søvig

Norway tops international indexes on children's rights but continues to attract criticism for its level of compliance with the Convention of the Rights of Child. This book address this implementation paradox.The authors ask: What is the current level of implementation? How can we explain any gap in perceived performance? Can we improve our measurement of children's rights? With the use of quantitative and qualitative methods, the volume examines a wide range of areas relevant to children's rights. These include child protection and sexual violence, detention and policing, poverty and custody proceedings, asylum and disability, sexual orientation and gender identity, and childcare and human rights education. In addition, the book offers a proposal for an alternative statistical approach to measuring Norway's performance. The book's editors conclude by pointing towards the complex set of factors that complicate full realisation and the need for the Government to engage in proper measurement of implementation

An Implementation Paradox?

Children's Rights in Norway

Societies and states are at a crossroad in how children are treated and how their rights are respected and protected. Children ́s new position and their strong rights create tensions and challenge the traditional relationships between family and the state. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child was adopted unanimously by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1989 and came into force in 1990. Article 2 places states under an obligation to accord primacy to the best interests of the child in all actions concerning children and to ensure and regulate child protection. This book offers a comparative and critical analysis of the implementation of Article 2 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. In order to examine how Article 2 is being implemented, it is essential to have a sound understanding of the obligations it emposes. The opening chapters will explore the precise content of these obligations in terms of the legislative history of the text, its underlying philosophy, its amplification by the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child, and subsequent authoritative interpretations of it by courts around the world. The book will then drill down into the conceptual and theoretical challenges posed by the very nature of the obligations and will offer in-depth exploration of the long-running ‘rights v welfare’ debate that has always presented something of a challenge in giving effect to children’s rights. Contributors are leading academics in the children’s rights field drawn from a wide range of countries and jurisdictions worldwide, including those with common law, civilian and mixed traditions. Disciplines represented in the book include law, psychology, political science, childhood studies, social work and anthropology. By drawing together the various facets of Article 2 and analysing it from a range of perspectives, the volume provides a coherent and comprehensive inter-disciplinary analysis on discrimination and the rights of the child.

Implementing Article 2 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child

Child Rights and International Discrimination Law

Neil Gilbert

Nigel Parton

This book builds upon and advances the comparative analysis of child protection systems that was conducted in the mid-1990s. Since the mid-1990s, however, much has changed in the realm of child welfare and how states define and deal with their responsibilities for children at risk. This book sets out to identify and analyse these changes and their implications, with a particular focus on assessing the extent to which the child protection and family service orientations continue to provide a helpful framework for understanding and comparing systems in different countries.

Marit Skivenes

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