Li Zhang

Matteo Rubinato

Biyun Guo

XiuWen Cheng

Xiaoning Zhao

Zengxin Zhang

With the development of societies and economies, the process of industrialization and urban modernization is accelerating, urban populations are increasing, and more and more wastewater is generated and released. Large quantities of hazardous industrial and agricultural wastewater and domestic sewage are discharged directly into reservoirs, lakes, rivers and the sea, without adequate treatment. The wide range of pollutants discharged can degrade, interact, and transform in aquatic environments. When light, temperature, nutrients and other natural conditions are suitable, it is common for algal species to burst into bloom, causing serious damage to the ecological environment of the receiving water body. As the flux of river discharge into the sea increases year by year, the deterioration of coastal water environments accelerates. Meanwhile, variations in climate and vegetation impact basin hydrological proceses and river runoff into the sea.

Hydrodynamic Characteristics and Pollutant Transport in Rivers and Nearshore Environments

Songdong Shao

Min Luo

Rapid urbanization and industrialization have progressively caused severe impacts on the mountainous, river, coastal environments, and have increased the risks for people living in these areas. Human activities have changed the ecosystems, and, hence, it is important to determine ways to predict these consequences to enable the preservation and restoration of these key areas. Furthermore, extreme events attributed to climate change are becoming more frequent, aggravating the entire scenario and introducing ulterior uncertainties for the accurate and efficient management of these areas to protect the environment, as well as the health and safety of people. Climate change is altering the rain and extreme heat, as well as inducing other weather mutations. All these lead to more frequent natural disasters such as flood events, erosions, and contamination and spreading of pollutants. Therefore, efforts need to be devoted to investigating the underlying causes, and to identifying feasible mitigation and adaptation strategies to reduce the negative impacts on both the environment and citizens. In support of this aim, the selected papers in this book covered a wide range of issues that are mainly relevant to the following: i) the numerical and experimental characterization of complex flow conditions under specific circumstances induced by the natural hazards; ii) the effect of climate change on the hydrological processes in the mountainous, river and coastal environments, iii) the protection of ecosystems and the restoration of areas damaged by the effects of the climate change and human activities.

Advances in Modelling and Prediction on the Impact of Human Activities and Extreme Events on Environments

Matteo Rubinato

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