Andres Artal-Tur

Metin Kozak

According to the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), international tourists engaging in cultural activities accounted for more than 500 million of international tourist numbers in 2017. City tourism relies on culture as a major product, providing benefits not only for interested visitors, but also for the local resident population. New trends in tourism include "experiential tourism", where the interactions between tourists and residents become a key part of the tourism experience and overall customer satisfaction. New technologies and IT applications allow tourists to design their own trip, given the presence of global companies like Trip Advisor, Booking.com and AirBnB. This comprehensive volume explores new trends in cultural tourism, demonstrating how and why culture has become a central factor in tourism. The authors analyse a wide range of relevant issues, including: how heritage-based and cultural tourism could contribute to the sustainability of destinations; the increase of religious travels to and within Arab countries; and how cultural tourism fosters understanding among people and cultures, and could even potentially help to consolidate peace at a regional level. The book also analyses interactions between hosts (the local residents) and guests (the cultural visitors), revisiting the pioneer hippy travelling experiences in Turkey of the 1960s and how they shaped youth culture. This book will be of great interest to students and researchers of cultural tourism. The chapters were originally published in the journal Anatolia.

Exploring New Trends

Culture and Cultures in Tourism

Ozan Bahar

The development of tourism in a country/region carries some social and economical changes with their positive, as well as negative, aspects. It is possible to assess the effect of tourism on the balance of payments, its income constituting effect including employment, balanced development among the regions, other industries in the economy, and the effect on the improvement of the superstructure, as well as infrastructure within the scope of macro economical effects. Similarly, its effect on the real wages and prices, opportunity cost; internal and external economies effect are the selected examples of the micro effects of tourism. This book aims to examine both effects of tourism in a national economy in detail. To achieve this, it gives detailed information from the knowledge, as well as some practical examples which fits nicely into the subject.

Concepts and Practices

Tourism Economics

Juergen Gnoth

Luisa L.A Andreu

This volume provides original insight into the operational opportunities, challenges and constraints in managing Tourism Destination Marketing. It explores how the various tourist destination systems including tourist, places (as seen by the tourist), public and private tourism organisations and the social and physical environment can effectively communicate and co operate together at a profit for each. Advances in Destination Marketing offers a comprehensive review of a wide range of aspects related to marketing tourism products including networks in destinations, consumer experiences in destinations, destination branding, destination image, events in destinations and destination tourism products. Throughout the book a network analysis perspective is applied to offer alternative solutions of how each system can share network knowledge and system knowledge so profits can be created effectively and maximised. The exploration of new topics such as Destination Networks and Destination Branding as well as original international empirical research and case studies from well known researchers in the area, provides new thinking on Marketing Tourism Destinations. The relevance of the arguments and the salient conclusions are valuable in the study of an ever dynamic and burgeoning industry. This stimulating volume will be of interest to higher level students, academics, researchers within Tourism and practitioners in the industry.

Managing Networks

Advances in Tourism Destination Marketing

Alain Decrop

Alan Fyall

Antonia Correia

Presents theories, methods and results for enhancing techniques for more sustainable marketing and explores how sharing practices in business raises new social challenges and the ethical questions that arise as a consequence. It offers insights from some of the world experts in the area as to how tourism marketing can evolve and advance.

Sustainable and Collaborative Tourism in a Digital World

Nazmi Kozak

This book examines and analyzes tourism consumption and tourist experiences, employing a systematic and case study-driven perspective. Covering approaches with a wider geographical background, it considers issues like tourism place experience and co-creation, as well as the behavior of tourists on guided tours, at trade shows and exhibitions, and in museums. Dedicated chapters deal with the aspect of customer satisfaction in places such as hotels or restaurants. In closing, the book highlights tourist behavior in the context of cultural heritage, regional and cultural differences and the general frameworks of consumer happiness and responsibility. Given its focus, the book provides a unique view on the interplay of tourism consumption and tourist experiences, and presents a comprehensive selection of case studies to exemplify and discuss in detail the frameworks covered and the current state of practice.

An Experiential Perspective

Tourist Behavior

In today’s highly competitive and global economy, understanding tourist behavior is imperative to success. Tourist behavior has become a cornerstone of any marketing strategy and action. Choosing, buying and consuming tourism/travel products and services includes a range of psycho-social processes and a number of personal and environmental influences that researchers and managers should take into account. This book provides an overview of such processes and influences and explains the basic concepts and theories that underlie tourist decision-making and behavior. It also incorporates a number of cases studies in order to aid readers to better appraise the application of those concepts and theories. The Handbook of Tourist Behavior will be of significant interest to researchers and students in tourism, leisure, marketing and psychology, and also to practitioners in the tourism industry.

Theory & Practice

Handbook of Tourist Behavior

Namzi Kozak

The subject of sustainability has become central to the discussion of how to succeed in the stable development of the tourism industry, due to the uncontrollable nature of supply and demand over the past few decades. Thus, this book examines policies and practices associated with the introduction of various methods in order to maintain sustainable tourism development. The list of policies and practices is based on a selection of the most recent topics, providing many real-world examples and cases in relation to culture and nature-based environmental issues, representing both individual businesses and tourist destinations with an international focus, namely Australia, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Portugal, South Korea, Taiwan, Turkey, and the USA. Structured with 15 chapters altogether, the principles and guidelines discussed apply equally to different product levels in tourism such as museums, cities, regions, and countries. This volume is intended as a supplementary textbook for further reading. The editors believe that the book will gain attention from colleagues worldwide because of relevant educational courses on sustainable tourism, environmental tourism and cultural heritage management.

Cultural and Environmental Perspectives

Sustainability of Tourism

Consumer research is often central to academic studies in many different fields, and more recently, tourism studies have empirically examined consumer research from various aspects. However, there is a need to provide information for tourism scholars on how to better understand aspects of tourist behaviour. Tourist Behaviour: An International Perspective provides a collection of topics from both theoretical and practical approaches to building and examining the theory of how consumers think and act within the context of tourism consumption. Divided in to six sections, the book presents research within the themes of influence, motivation, choice, and consumption and experience. With contributions from authors in over 15 countries, the book presents an interdisciplinary approach of the latest research in tourist behaviour.

An International Perspective

Tourist Behaviour

This book provides a wide-ranging overview of the current state of tourist destination management and presents important recent research in the field. Contemporary theoretical and methodological approaches to management and marketing are discussed, and innovative practices with respect to both urban and rural destinations are described with the aid of many interesting case studies from across Europe and beyond. In addition, the volume addresses key issues such as governance, cooperation, the use of social media, and sustainability. A variety of influences on tourism development are examined, and efficient strategies for making destinations distinct are explored. The book will be a welcome addition and update to the existing literature and will be of interest to academics and practitioners alike.

Instruments, Products, and Case Studies

Tourist Destination Management

Destination competitiveness and sustainability are important issues for many stakeholders within the tourism industry. In recent years, destinations have faced some challenges with respect to maintaining sustainability; they must be cleaner, greener and safer in order to safeguard the life quality of holidaymakers and local residents. Providing an invaluable review of the latests research on the topic, global case studies provide a perspective of the worldwide challenges and solutions arising in the management of tourism destinations. The analysis presents an interdisciplinary approach, including contributions of economists, geographers, managers and marketing professionals.

Metin Kozak

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