Michael Schulz

Despite the fact that many researchers have focused on Hamas’ armed resistance activities, surprisingly few have theorised about the political choices and dilemmas that Hamas has faced in the context of the changing overarching conflict between Israelis and Palestinians. This study aims to show, theoretically, how context-dependent Hamas is when formulating its resistance and Demo-Islamic practise and that this occurs in interrelations with key actors of the conflict. This study also presents important new empirical data that, in part, also challenges previous research. Hamas is one of the very few Islamist organisations that has reached a governance position via democratic and fair elections. Thus, Hamas can serve as a case study of how Islamist may act in (quasi)democratic surroundings. At the same time, Hamas is a key actor in the overarching conflict, which has several unique characteristics. Hamas’ armed resistance is described as an instrument for the Jihad against the Israeli occupation. However, the Dawa work at the grassroots level can also be seen as a resistance practice that can be identified as constructive resistance. The internal discussion in Hamas as to what strategies to apply, as will be shown, are also formed and impacted by various interrelations with external actors of the conflict. The Palestinian public, in particular, is a key actor that influences Hamas in various ways, although Fatah, PLO, Israel and other external actors also have their specific roles to play.

Between Resistance, Sharia Law, and Demo-Islamic Politics

Roberto Hofmeister Pich

The title of this publication suggests a double meaning: on the one hand, most of the contributions outline philosophies of religion relevant for Latin America, without, however, betraying an explicit Latin American perspective. Does not philosophical reason always articulate itself in the same way, whether in Berlin or Rio de Janeiro? On the other hand, the title refers to a specific form of philosophy that has developed regionally and bears explicit traces of its origins that differentiate it from philosophy in Europe. Does not philosophical reason always articulate itself in a specific cultural context? The charm of the book lies in the encounter of these two variants to think philosophically.

Philosophy of Religion in Latin America and Europe

Tom Chang

M. K. Hudson

R. G. Johnson

J. R. Jasperse

P. M. Kintner

Papers and discussions presented at the Chapman Conference on Ion Acceleration in the Magnetosphere, Wellesley, Mass., 6/3-7/1985. Sponsored by the AGU and others.

Ion Acceleration in the Magnetosphere and Ionosphere

This book makes several major contributions to the existing literature on resistance, conflict transformation and peace and conflict as well as democratisation theories.

Estrella Guerra

Las contribuciones que se incluyen en este libro exploran la categoría del mal en su uso fluctuante para marcar la alteridad en la América Latina colonial y contemporánea. La fluctuación del mal significa que cada uno de los actores del conflicto usaba esta categoría para marcar al otro. La experiencia del mal como violencia deshumanizadora sigue siendo una constante que determina la realidad latinoamericana incluso más allá del periodo colonial; constatamos su presencia extendiéndose hasta el momento actual (dictaduras, Sendero Luminoso, FARC, paramilitares, violencia policial, feminicidios). Pero también hay ejemplos de ello en Europa. El origen de la violencia está siempre en la demonización del extranjero y del otro, es decir, en la incapacidad de reconocer su vulnerabilidad y sus precarias condiciones de vida para ayudar a superarlas. El concepto de una hermenéutica diatópica, que abre los topoi ("lugares") del Otro respectivo, intenta ofrecer una solución.

Alteridad y violencia en la interpretación latinoamericana

Fluctuaciones del mal

Andre Paul

The work addresses the following questions in the context of interglacial climate dynamics: (i) What are the amplitudes of natural climate variations on timescales of several years to millennia? (ii) Do abrupt changes in the large-scale circulation of the Atlantic Ocean occur in interglacials? (iii) Which biogeochemical feedback mechanisms control the natural limits of atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols? (iv) Which linkages exist between climate and pre-industrial cultures? The work is based on an integrated approach in paleoclimate research, in which all available paleoclimate archives (terrestrial and marine as well as ice cores) are combined in order to yield a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of global environmental variations. Moreover, through a close linkage be-tween paleoclimate reconstructions and results from Earth-system models detailed insights into the dynamics of climate variations are gained.

Integrated Analysis of Interglacial Climate Dynamics (INTERDYNAMIC)

Ashok Swain

Anders Jägerskog

Routledge Handbook on Middle East Security provides the first comprehensive look at Middle East security issues that includes both traditional and emerging security threats. Taking a broad perspective on security, the volume offers both analysis grounded in the ‘hard’ military and state security discourse but also delves into the ‘soft’ aspects of security employing a human security perspective. As such the volume addresses imminent challenges to security, such as the ones relating directly to the war in Syria, but also the long-term challenges. The traditional security problems, which are deep-seated, are at risk of being exacerbated also by a lack of focus on emerging vulnerabilities in the region. While taking as a point of departure the prevalent security discourse, the volume also goes beyond the traditional focus on military or state security and consider non-traditional security challenges. This book provides a state-of-the-art review of research on the key challenges for security in the Middle East; it will be a key resource for students and scholars interested in Security Studies, International Relations, Political Science and Middle Eastern Studies.

Routledge Handbook on Middle East Security

Dieses Buch verfolgt zwei Ziele: In den Teilen eins bis drei werden die theoretischen Grundlagen für das Verständnis unserer gegenwärtigen Zivilisation erläutert. Es wird erklärt, weshalb ein Kollaps unserer Zivilisation unausweichlich ist, wenn wir nicht schnell unser Geld- und Gesellschaftssystem verändern. In den Teilen vier und fünf folgt ein logisch fundierter Vorschlag, wie wir den drohenden Kollaps vermeiden und eine neue, bessere Zivilisation aufbauen, in der wir als wahrhaft freie Menschen in dauerhaftem Frieden leben werden. Zeitlich gesehen beginnt das Buch vor mehr als zwölftausend Jahren, als eine gewaltbereite Mafia zur herrschenden Obrigkeit wurde, indem sie von den in ihrem Gebiet lebenden Untertanen unter Androhung von Strafe regelmäßig wiederkehrende Abgaben (Geld) verlangte. Im Gegenzug gewährte die Obrigkeit den Untertanen Freiheit sowie Schutz vor von außen oder innen kommender Bedrohung. Dies ist der Zivilisations-Pakt, der Schlüssel zum Verständnis von Geld und aller bis zum heutigen Tage bestehenden und untergegangenen Zivilisationen. Im nächsten Schritt wird erklärt, dass Geld seit tausenden von Jahren falsch verstanden wurde und dass heutige demokratische Regierungen nur eine andere Variante der Mafiagruppen sind, die uns seit Jahrtausenden beherrschen und auspressen. Zudem wird dargestellt, wie die Menschheit sich durch die Verstädterung der letzten achtzig Jahre selbst die Lebensgrundlage entzogen hat und warum mehr als 80 Millionen Deutsche verhungern werden, wenn Geld heute seine Funktionalität verliert. Das Buch endet jedoch nicht mit diesem Katastrophenszenario, sondern mit einem konstruktiven Vorschlag, wie wir wieder selbstständig überleben und uns endgültig von jeder Gewaltherrschaft, auch der demokratischen, befreien können. Hierfür wird ein neues Grundgesetz skizziert, das auf eine DIN-A5-Seite passt und unsere unbeschränkbare Freiheit dauerhaft absichert.

Der Weg zu wirklich freien Menschen

Untergang oder Freiheit - Wir haben keine Wahl!

Carlos Ramirez

An unavoidable question when it comes to producing political theory in a reflective way is what it means to think politically. Any answer to this question that is open to a post-colonial sensibility and to the contingency of history should take into account the fact that comparative political theory recognises a multiplicity of canons other than that of the "West?, as well as the connection between the production of political thought and historical events, pointed out by thinkers such as Arendt or Badiou. One of these events with global repercussions, namely the Iranian Revolution of 1979, provides a very propitious occasion to think politically in this framework and to ask, for example, what the basis of authority is, what democracy is, or what is meant by criticism. The seven essays compiled in this work, written by Iranian, German and Latin American authors inspired by the ideas and theories of Khomeini, Habermas or Foucault, revolve around these themes and are examples of contemporary exercises in political theory motivated by this singular event.

Michael Schulz

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