Ms.Ratna Sahay

Mr.Ulric Eriksson von Allmen

Ms.Amina Lahreche

Purva Khera

Ms.Sumiko Ogawa

Majid Bazarbash

Ms.Kimberly Beaton

Technology is changing the landscape of the financial sector, increasing access to financial services in profound ways. These changes have been in motion for several years, affecting nearly all countries in the world. During the COVID-19 pandemic, technology has created new opportunities for digital financial services to accelerate and enhance financial inclusion, amid social distancing and containment measures. At the same time, the risks emerging prior to COVID-19, as digital financial services developed, are becoming even more relevant.

Financial Inclusion in the Post COVID-19 Era

The Promise of Fintech

Mr.Carlos A. Végh Gramont

Mr.Stanley Fischer

The current destination of Central and Eastern European countries—explicitly for some, implicitly for all—is Brussels. The concept of the distance from Brussels is multi-dimensional. One simple measure, not without theoretical and empirical justification, is physical distance. This paper’s focus, however, lies more in the distances in time and economic space. The paper first compares income gaps between Central and Eastern European and European Union (EU) countries, then evaluates recent economic performance in Central and Eastern Europe in light of EU standards. Finally; addresses the question of how long it will take the Central and Eastern European countries to close the income gap with EU countries.

How Far Is Eastern Europe from Brussels?

Ms.Ratna Sahay

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