Fred Myers

Nicolas Peterson

Outstations, which dramatically increased in numbers in the 1970s, are small, decentralised and relatively permanent communities of kin established by Aboriginal people on land that has social, cultural or economic significance to them. In 2015 they yet again came under attack, this time as an expensive lifestyle choice that can no longer be supported by state governments. Yet outstations are the original, and most striking, manifestation of remote-area Aboriginal people’s aspirations for self-determination, and of the life projects by which they seek, and have sought, autonomy in deciding the meaning of their life independently of projects promoted by the state and market. They are not simply projects of isolation from outside influences, as they have sometimes been characterised, but attempts by people to take control of the course of their lives. In the sometimes acrimonious debates about outstations, the lived experiences, motivations and histories of existing communities are missing. For this reason, we invited a number of anthropological witnesses to the early period in which outstations gained a purchase in remote Australia to provide accounts of what these communities were like, and what their residents’ aspirations and experiences were. Our hope is that these closer-to-the-ground accounts provide insight into, and understanding of, what Indigenous aspirations were in the establishment and organisation of these communities. This volume will be a great addition not only to the origins and history of outstations, but in light of the closing of over 100 Aboriginal communities in Western Australia, it should be a required bedtime reading for all politicians across Australia. The contributors do not simply concentrate on the so-called outstations movement of the 1970s, but rather help the reader understand why in the 1930s, ‘40, ‘50s, and ‘60s, Aboriginal people moved away from cattle stations, missions and settlements to reconstruct their moral compass in settings which made more contemporaneous sense, not only to them but often to the whites who were there as well. —Professor Francoise Dussart, University of Connecticut.

Histories of the outstation movement in Australia

Experiments in self-determination

Philosophy comes from the Greek words philo (love of) and sophia (wisdom). It was - and still is - an attempt to understand as much as one can about the world, a holistic approach toward knowledge. It was only during the industrial revolution that we began to put scientists, researchers, and mechanics on one side, and philosophers on the other. In so doing, we placed a great divide between information associated with science and math, and the knowledge associated with experience, morality, conduct, and the spiritual world. We therefore have an unflattering view of today's philosophers, as many are considered religious nuts or morality freaks. But this is unfair. Since Philosophy is an attempt to create a rational understanding of the world, it still has immense practical value - especially since there's still a lot we don't know. The greatest philosophers were those who challenged existing norms, and in so doing, changed the world. This book was written to help you get to know some of the great Greek philosophers who made the Western World what it is today. We'll begin with pre-Socratic philosophy, then move on to classical philosophy which continues to shape our modern world. This book will also explain how some of the great philosophers thought, so you can better understand the philosophical mindset and apply it in your own life.

A Crash Course on the Ideas of the Greatest Philosophers of All Time ~ (an Intro to Philosophy's Best Philosophers)

Lessons from Famous Philosophers

Brian Egloff

Sue C. Wesson

This report is primarily for Aboriginal people who are from the south coast of New South Wales and the wider Aboriginal community. Since 2000, the Office of the Registrar has initiated research projects to gather family history information in coordination with Aboriginal people, for lands that are to be jointly managed.This report is a revised version of the original research report (published 2001) produced by the authors for the Office of the Registrar, Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1983 (NSW)

Aboriginal Cultural Association with the Biamanga and Gulaga National Parks

Biamanga and Gulaga

Christopher Pinney

Moving the critical debate about photography away from its current Euro-American center of gravity, Photography’s Other Histories breaks with the notion that photographic history is best seen as the explosion of a Western technology advanced by the work of singular individuals. This collection presents a radically different account, describing photography as a globally disseminated and locally appropriated medium. Essays firmly grounded in photographic practice—in the actual making of pictures—suggest the extraordinary diversity of nonwestern photography. Richly illustrated with over 100 images, Photography’s Other Histories explores from a variety of regional, cultural, and historical perspectives the role of photography in raising historical consciousness. It includes two first-person pieces by indigenous Australians and one by a Seminole/Muskogee/Dine' artist. Some of the essays analyze representations of colonial subjects—from the limited ways Westerners have depicted Navajos to Japanese photos recording the occupation of Manchuria to the changing "contract" between Aboriginal subjects and photographers. Other essays highlight the visionary quality of much popular photography. Case studies centered in early-twentieth-century Peru and contemporary India, Kenya, and Nigeria chronicle the diverse practices that have flourished in postcolonial societies. Photography’s Other Histories recasts popular photography around the world, as not simply reproducing culture but creating it. Contributors. Michael Aird, Heike Behrend, Jo-Anne Driessens, James Faris, Morris Low, Nicolas Peterson, Christopher Pinney, Roslyn Poignant, Deborah Poole, Stephen Sprague, Hulleah Tsinhnahjinnie, Christopher Wright

Photography’s Other Histories

Anna Kenny

The contribution of German ethnography to Australian anthropological scholarship on Aboriginal societies and cultures has been limited, primarily because few people working in the field read German. But it has also been neglected because its humanistic concerns with language, religion and mythology contrasted with the mainstream British social anthropological tradition that prevailed in Australia until the late 1960s. The advent of native title claims, which require drawing on the earliest ethnography for any area, together with an increase in research on rock art of the Kimberley region, has stimulated interest in this German ethnography, as have some recent book translations. Even so, several major bodies of ethnography, such as the 13 volumes on the cultures of northeastern South Australia and the seven volumes on the Aranda of the Alice Springs region, remain inaccessible, along with many ethnographically rich articles and reports in mission archives. In 18 chapters, this book introduces and reviews the significance of this neglected work, much of it by missionaries who first wrote on Australian Aboriginal cultures in the 1840s. Almost all of these German speakers, in particular the missionaries, learnt an Aboriginal language in order to be able to document religious beliefs, mythology and songs as a first step to conversion. As a result, they produced an enormously valuable body of work that will greatly enrich regional ethnographies.

Nicolas Peterson

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