Per Christian Hansen

This book gives an introduction to the practical treatment of inverse problems by means of numerical methods, with a focus on basic mathematical and computational aspects. To solve inverse problems, we demonstrate that insight about them goes hand in hand with algorithms.

Insight and Algorithms

Discrete Inverse Problems

Here is an overview of modern computational stabilization methods for linear inversion, with applications to a variety of problems in audio processing, medical imaging, tomography, seismology, astronomy, and other areas. Rank-deficient problems involve matrices that are either exactly or nearly rank deficient. Such problems often arise in connection with noise suppression and other problems where the goal is to suppress unwanted disturbances of the given measurements. Discrete ill-posed problems arise in connection with the numerical treatment of inverse problems, where one typically wants to compute information about some interior properties using exterior measurements. Examples of inverse problems are image restoration and tomography, where one needs to improve blurred images or reconstruct pictures from raw data. This book describes, in a common framework, new and existing numerical methods for the analysis and solution of rank-deficient and discrete ill-posed problems. The emphasis is on insight into the stabilizing properties of the algorithms and on the efficiency and reliability of the computations. The setting is that of numerical linear algebra rather than abstract functional analysis, and the theoretical development is complemented with numerical examples and figures that illustrate the features of the various algorithms.

Numerical Aspects of Linear Inversion

Rank-Deficient and Discrete Ill-Posed Problems

Dianne P. O'Leary

James G. Nagy

Describes the deblurring algorithms and techniques collectively known as spectral filtering methods, in which the singular value decomposition, or a similar decomposition with spectral properties, is used to introduce the necessary regularization or filtering in the reconstructed image. The concise MATLAB® implementations described in the book provide a template of techniques that can be used to restore blurred images from many applications.

Matrices, Spectra, and Filtering

Deblurring Images

Godela Scherer

Víctor Pereyra

Included are; an overview of computational methods together with their properties and advantages; topics from statistical regression analysis that help readers to understand and evaluate the computed solutions; many examples that illustrate the techniques and algorithmsLeast Squares Data Fitting with Applications can be used as a textbook for advanced undergraduate or graduate courses and professionals in the sciences and in engineering.

Least Squares Data Fitting with Applications

Jakob Jorgensen

William R. B. Lionheart

This book describes fundamental computational methods for image reconstruction in computed tomography (CT) with a focus on a pedagogical presentation of these methods and their underlying concepts. Insights into the advantages, limitations, and theoretical and computational aspects of the methods are included, giving a balanced presentation that allows readers to understand and implement CT reconstruction algorithms. Unique in its emphasis on the interplay between modeling, computing, and algorithm development, Computed Tomography: Algorithms, Insight, and Just Enough Theory develops the mathematical and computational aspects of three main classes of reconstruction methods: classical filtered back-projection, algebraic iterative methods, and variational methods based on nonlinear numerical optimization algorithms. It spotlights the link between CT and numerical methods, which is rarely discussed in current literature, and describes the effects of incomplete data using both microlocal analysis and singular value decomposition (SVD). This book sets the stage for further exploration of CT algorithms. Readers will be able to grasp the underlying mathematical models to motivate and derive the basic principles of CT reconstruction and will gain basic understanding of fundamental computational challenges of CT, such as the influence of noisy and incomplete data, as well as the reconstruction capabilities and the convergence of the iterative algorithms. Exercises using MATLAB are included, allowing readers to experiment with the algorithms and making the book suitable for teaching and self-study. Computed Tomography: Algorithms, Insight, and Just Enough Theory is primarily aimed at students, researchers, and practitioners interested in the computational aspects of X-ray CT and is also relevant for anyone working with other forms of tomography, such as neutron and electron tomography, that share the same mathematical formulation. With its basis in lecture notes developed for a PhD course, it is appropriate as a textbook for courses on computational methods for X-ray CT and computational methods for inverse problems.

Per Christian Hansen

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