William Shaw

Richard Newfarmer

Peter Walkenhorst

International trade in 2009 is projected to contract for the first time since 1982. As a result, export diversifi cation has gained new urgency as one way of using exports to recover lost growth momentum. Moreover, diversifi cation is central to reducing income volatility and sustaining high growth rates, which are especially important for countries with large populations living in poverty. In the 1950s, countries became concerned that their dependence on primary products would lead to steady falls in the purchasing power of primary exports and thus slow growth. A major policy objective of developing countries since that time has been to diversify out of primary products into manufactures. Although some nations have been at least partially successful, many low-income countries remain dependent on a narrow range of primary products. 'Breaking Into New Markets' argues for a comprehensive view of diversifi cation. It explores new thinking and evidence about export diversifi cation and elaborates on policies for its promotion. These policies span tariffs and taxes, services, and government activities to help fi rms take advantage of global opportunities. The book is a compilation of chapters written as short, policy-focused pieces. Many digest longer, more academic papers in an effort to make the information accessible to a larger policy and nontechnical audience. In that sense, the book is a policy primer on what export diversifi cation can and cannot do for growth and how to make diversifi cation happen. Intelligently designed policies that effi ciently address the obstacles to export growth are critical for overall economic growth and poverty reduction. This book offers insights useful to policy makers and practitioners as they embark on efforts to design new programs of competitiveness in their trade strategies.

Emerging Lessons for Export Diversification

Breaking Into New Markets

Volker Then

Andreas Schlüter

This book provides the first comprehensive survey of the foundation sector in Europe. It examines on a comparative country-by-country basis the role of foundations in society and their legal framework, as well as issues of governance, organization and management.

Foundations in Europe

Peter deCourcy Hero

HauptbeschreibungBürgerstiftungen sind eine der am schnellsten wachsenden Stiftungsformen weltweit, die in einer beständig wachsenden Zahl von Städten und Regionen auf der ganzen Welt als ein wirksamer Katalysator zivilgesellschaftlichen Engagements entdeckt wird. Obwohl es Institutionen mit einer im Wesentlichen lokalen oder regionalen Zielsetzung sind, sehen auch sie sich in zunehmendem Maße mit den Auswirkungen schnell voranschreitender Globalisierungsprozesse konfrontiert. Immer mehr Bürgerstiftungen werden deshalb auch international tätig und verleihen so der Maxime "global denken, lokal.

Peter Walkenhorst

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