Rémi Brague

Western culture, which influenced the whole world, came from Europe. But its roots are not there. They are in Athens and Jerusalem. European culture takes its bearing from references that are not in Europe: Europe is eccentric. What makes the West unique? What is the driving force behind its culture? Remi Brague takes up these questions in Eccentric Culture. This is not another dictionary of European culture, nor a measure of the contributions of a particular individual, religion, or national tradition. The author's interest is especially, with regard to the transmission of that culture, to articulate the dynamic tension that has propelled Europe and more generally the West toward civilization. It is this mainspring of European culture, this founding principle, that Brague calls "Roman". Yet the author's intent is not to write a history of Europe, and less yet to defend the historical reality of the Roman Empire. Brague rather isolates and generalizes one aspect of that history or, one might say, cultural myth, of ancient Rome. The Roman attitude senses its own incompleteness and recognizes the call to borrow from what went before it. Historically, it has led the West to borrow from the great traditions of Jerusalem and Athens: primarily the Jewish and Christian tradition, on the one hand, and the classical Greek tradition on the other. Nowhere does the author find this Roman character so strongly present as in the Christian and particularly Catholic attitude toward the incarnation. At once an appreciation of the richness and diversity of the sources and their fruit, Eccentric Culture points as well to the fragility of their nourishing principle. As such, Brague finds in it notonly a means of understanding the past, but of projecting a future in (re)proposing to the West, and to Europe in particular, a model relationship of what is proper to it. An international bestseller (translated from the original French edition of Europe, La Voie Romaine), this work has been or is presently being translated into thirteen languages.

A Theory of Western Civilization

Eccentric Culture

Souleymane Bachir Diagne

L’islam est-il une religion différente des autres, arc-boutée sur un texte provenant directement de Dieu, une théologie éminemment politique qui tolère la violence ? Ou bien l’opinion dominante est-elle tout simplement devenue islamophobe, incapable de voir dans cette tradition religieuse la rationalité, la spiritualité et la liberté de penser et de pratiquer qui s’y trouvent ? Opposés sur presque tous ces points, Rémi Brague et Souleymane Bachir Diagne discutent les extraits du Coran qu’ils connaissent tous deux en arabe, l’histoire de l’expansion de l’islam et son entrée dans la modernité. Ils n’éludent aucune question, de l’islamisme à la place des femmes, en passant par la question du djihad et le rapport aux autres religions. Un débat au sommet, érudit et vivant, sur le sujet le plus polémique de notre époque.

La controverse

Moderement moderne (French Edition)

الجدل

essai sur le contexte cosmologique et anthropologique de l'ontologie

Aristote et la question du monde

When the ancient Greeks looked up into the heavens, they saw not just sun and moon, stars and planets, but a complete, coherent universe, a model of the Good that could serve as a guide to a better life. How this view of the world came to be, and how we lost it (or turned away from it) on the way to becoming modern, make for a fascinating story, told in a highly accessible manner by Rémi Brague in this wide-ranging cultural history. Before the Greeks, people thought human action was required to maintain the order of the universe and so conducted rituals and sacrifices to renew and restore it. But beginning with the Hellenic Age, the universe came to be seen as existing quite apart from human action and possessing, therefore, a kind of wisdom that humanity did not. Wearing his remarkable erudition lightly, Brague traces the many ways this universal wisdom has been interpreted over the centuries, from the time of ancient Egypt to the modern era. Socratic and Muslim philosophers, Christian theologians and Jewish Kabbalists all believed that questions about the workings of the world and the meaning of life were closely intertwined and that an understanding of cosmology was crucial to making sense of human ethics. Exploring the fate of this concept in the modern day, Brague shows how modernity stripped the universe of its sacred and philosophical wisdom, transforming it into an ethically indifferent entity that no longer serves as a model for human morality. Encyclopedic and yet intimate, The Wisdom of the World offers the best sort of history: broad, learned, and completely compelling. Brague opens a window onto systems of thought radically different from our own.

The Human Experience of the Universe in Western Thought

The Wisdom of the World

Modern interpreters have variously cast the Middle Ages as a benighted past from which the West had to evolve and, more recently, as the model for a potential future of intercultural dialogue and tolerance. The Legend of the Middle Ages cuts through such oversimplifications to reconstruct a complicated and philosophically rich period that remains deeply relevant to the contemporary world. Featuring a penetrating interview and sixteen essays only three of which have previously appeared in English this volume explores key intersections of medieval religion and philosophy. With characteristic erudition and insight, Remi Brague focuses less on individual Christian, Jewish, and Muslim thinkers than on their relationships with one another. Their disparate philosophical worlds, Brague shows, were grounded in different models of revelation that engendered divergent interpretations of the ancient Greek sources they held in common. So, despite striking similarities in their solutions for the philosophical problems they all faced, intellectuals in each theological tradition often viewed the others ideas with skepticism, if not disdain.

Philosophical Explorations of Medieval Christianity, Judaism, and Islam

The Legend of the Middle Ages

The Philosophical History of an Idea

The Law of God

Was humanity created, or do humans create themselves? In this eagerly awaited English translation of Le Règne de l'homme, the last volume of Rémi Brague's trilogy on the philosophical development of anthropology in the West, Brague argues that with the dawn of the Enlightenment, Western societies rejected the transcendence of the past and looked instead to the progress fostered by the early modern present and the future. As scientific advances drained the cosmos of literal mystery, humanity increasingly devalued the theophilosophical mystery of being in favor of omniscience over one's own existence. Brague narrates the intellectual disappearance of the natural order, replaced by a universal chaos upon which only humanity can impose order; he cites the vivid histories of the nation-state, economic evolution into capitalism, and technology as the tools of this new dominion, taken up voluntarily by humans for their own end rather than accepted from the deity for a divine purpose. Brague's tour de force begins with the ancient and medieval confidence in humanity as the superior creation of Nature or of God, epitomized in the biblical wish of the Creator for humans to exert stewardship over the earth. He sees the Enlightenment as a transition period, taking as a given that humankind should be masters of the world but rejecting the imposition of that duty by a deity. Before the Enlightenment, who the creator was and whom the creator dominated were clear. With the advance of modernity and banishment of the Creator, who was to be dominated? Today, Brague argues, "our humanism . . . is an anti-antihumanism, rather than a direct affirmation of the goodness of the human." He ends with a sobering question: does humankind still have the will to survive in an era of intellectual self-destruction? The Kingdom of Man will appeal to all readers interested in the history of ideas, but will be especially important to political philosophers, historical anthropologists, and theologians.

Genesis and Failure of the Modern Project

The Kingdom of Man

And on One Or Two Others

On the God of the Christians

ein Symposion der Josef-Pieper-Stiftung

Europa auf der Suche nach sich selbst

This volume presents a penetrating interview and sixteen essays that explore key intersections of medieval religion and philosophy. With characteristic erudition and insight, RémiBrague focuses less on individual Christian, Jewish, and Muslim thinkers than on their relationships with one another. Their disparate philosophical worlds, Brague shows, were grounded in different models of revelation that engendered divergent interpretations of the ancient Greek sources they held in common. So, despite striking similarities in their solutions for the philosophical problems they all faced, intellectuals in each theological tradition often viewed the others’ ideas with skepticism, if not disdain. Brague’s portrayal of this misunderstood age brings to life not only its philosophical and theological nuances, but also lessons for our own time.

In his first book composed in English, Rémi Brague maintains that there is a fundamental problem with modernity: we no longer consider the created world and humanity as intrinsically valuable. Curing Mad Truths, based on a number of Brague's lectures to English-speaking audiences, explores the idea that humanity must return to the Middle Ages. Not the Middle Ages of purported backwardness and barbarism, but rather a Middle Ages that understood creation—including human beings—as the product of an intelligent and benevolent God. The positive developments that have come about due to the modern project, be they health, knowledge, freedom, or peace, are not grounded in a rational project because human existence itself is no longer the good that it once was. Brague turns to our intellectual forebears of the medieval world to present a reasoned argument as to why humanity and civilizations are goods worth promoting and preserving. Curing Mad Truths will be of interest to a learned audience of philosophers, historians, and medievalists.

Medieval Wisdom for the Modern Age

Curing Mad Truths

"The Kingdom of Man deserves an audience as wide as the author’s great erudition, for Brague tells this familiar-enough story of decline in new ways culminating in a clear critique." —Journal of Church and State

Themistius

La Metaphysique d'Aristote culmine dans le livre Lambda (XII). Il resume les livres precedents, puis se lance dans une fantastique description de Dieu, Premier moteur immobile de l'univers et Penser se pensant soi-meme. Le premier a nous en avoir laisse un commentaire est Themistius, au IVe siecle. Entre lui et l'epoque d'Averroes, d'Albert le Grand, de Thomas d'Aquin, rien ne nous est reste sur Lambda. Themistius paraphrase le texte et y mele de tres importantes digressions. L'original grec est perdu. De la traduction arabe, nous n'avons que des fragments. Mais elle avait ete integralement traduite en hebreu. C'est a partir de ces deux sources que Remi Brague propose ici une traduction litterale, avec une introduction et des notes explicatives.

Paraphrase de la métaphysique d'Aristote, livre Lambda

Tilo Schabert

Die Macht des Wortes

Metaphysik ist kein Phantom. Sie bewohnt kein Wolkenschloss, sondern hat ihren Platz mitten im Alltag der Menschen und ist zu einer unverzichtbaren Lebensnotwendigkeit geworden. Denn nachdem der Mensch das Projekt der Moderne in die Tat umgesetzt und sein Geschick selbst in die Hand genommen hat, kann er frei entscheiden, zu sein – oder auch nicht zu sein: Die Entscheidung über Fortbestand oder Auslöschung der Menschheit liegt in seinen Händen. Damit aber stellt sich unausweichlich die Frage nach der Rechtmäßigkeit unseres Daseins. Es genügt nicht, das Leben immer angenehmer zu machen für diejenigen, die schon auf der Welt sind – das zu tun stellt niemand in Abrede. Die Frage heute lautet sehr viel grundsätzlicher: Ist menschliches Leben ein so großes Gut, dass man selbst das Recht hat, andere in dieses Leben zu rufen? Wer behauptet, das Sein sei mehr wert als das Nichts, trifft eine metaphysische Entscheidung. Man braucht eine starke Metaphysik, um die Frage zu beantworten, ob es rechtmäßig ist, dass der Mensch auch zukünftig die Erde bevölkert. Der AutorDr. Rémi Brague ist Professor em. für Philosophie an der Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne und der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. Seine Bücher sind in 18 Sprachen übersetzt. Der HerausgeberDr. Christoph Böhr ist ao. Professor am Institut für Philosophie der Hochschule Heiligenkreuz/Wien.

Rémi Brague

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