Robert H. Bates

Charles S. Houston

Charles H. Houston

K2, the second highest peak in the world, is generally regarded as the most difficult and dangerous of all mountains. This is the dramatic story of the 1953 American expedition when a combination of terrible storms and illness stopped them short of the summit. Then on the descent, tragedy struck, and how they made it back to safety is renowned in the annals of climbing. K2-The Savage Mountain captures this sensational tale with an unmatched power that has earned this book its place as one of the classics of mountaineering literature. (51/2 X 81/4, 336 pages, b&w photos, maps, illustrations)

K2, the Savage Mountain

"Interested and well-meaning people in the United States wonder, 'What's the matter with Africa?' Robert Bates's book manages the difficult task of speaking to the specialist and non-specialist alike. It explains the historical, political, and economic roots of Africa's challenges. Best of all, it gives context to why easy prescriptions haven't worked in the past, and some hope for what might work in the future."--Ray Suarez, Senior Correspondent, The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer "Ever since its original publication in 1981, this elegant study has been a clarion call for agrarian reform predicated on market incentives. Bates's perspective transcends the lingering ideological nostrums that still impede progress toward the construction of modern economies in Africa. Based largely on his personal empirical research, this lasting work continues to guide the quest for realistic approaches to the problem of poverty in Africa and other agrarian regions of the world."--Richard L. Sklar, author of African Politics in Postimperial Times PRAISE FOR THE FIRST EDITION: "[An] analysis of how public policy has fostered Africa's agricultural decline.... [The] description of how that policy has worked--the interests and mechanisms discriminating against the rural sector--is incomparable."--Foreign Affairs

The Political Basis of Agricultural Policies

Markets and States in Tropical Africa

In the later decades of the twentieth century, Africa plunged into political chaos. States failed, governments became predators, and citizens took up arms. In When Things Fell Apart, Robert H. Bates advances an exploration of state failure in Africa. In so doing, he not only plumbs the depths of the continent's late-century tragedy, but also the logic of political order, and the foundations of the state. This book covers a wide range of territory by drawing on materials from Rwanda, Sudan, Liberia, and Congo. Written to be accessible to the general reader, it is nonetheless a must-read for scholars and policymakers concerned with conflict and state failure.

State Failure in Late-Century Africa

When Things Fell Apart

The essays in this volume represent a dialogue between theory and data. The theory is drawn from a branch of contemporary political economy which can also be labeled the collective-choice school. The data are drawn from Africa. The book extends the methods of reasoning developed in collective choice from their original base-the advanced industrial democracies-to new territory; the literature on rural Africa. Such as extension challenges the power of this form of political economy. It also enriches it, for the central questions which motivate the contemporary study of political economy are often addressed with unique clarity in the scholarship on rural Africa.

Essays on the Political Economy of Rural Africa

Anne O. Krueger

During the 1980s many developing countries undertook programs of far-reaching economic policy reform. Some have been very successful, some less so, and some have failed completely. In examining these episodes economists have focused upon the adequacy of economic policy changes but have paid little attention to their political impact. Likewise, political scientists have centered their attentions on the political reactions to reform while neglecting the economic aspects. These dissonant analyses produced a dilemma: what was good politics did not seem to be good economics and what was good economics did not seem to be good politics. From this dilemma a research project on the Political Economy of Policy Reform in Developing Countries emerged, led by Robert Bates and Anne Krueger. This volume is an analysis of the work carried out by eight research teams into policy reform in Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Egypt, Ghana, Korea, Turkey and Zambia. The teams each consisted of an economist and a political scientist who jointly analyzed the economic and political ingredients of their country's reform efforts. This important work will be valuable reading for scholars and policy-makers in the fields of development, international, and agricultural economics. These studies will be of compelling interest to political scientists as well, particularly those in the fields of comparative politics and development studies.

Evidence from Eight Countries

Political and Economic Interactions in Economic Policy Reform

A Rational Choice Perspective

Toward a Political Economy of Development

Most Africans live in rural areas and derive their incomes from farming; but because African governments follow policies that are adverse to most farmers' interests, these countries fail to produce enough food to feed their populations. Markets and States in Tropical Africa analyzes these and other paradoxical features of development in modern Africa and explores how governments have intervened and diverted resources from farmers to other sectors of society. A classic of the field since its publication in 1981, this edition includes a new preface by the author.

The Political Basis of Agricultural Policies: With a New Preface

Those studying development often address the impact of government policies, but rarely the politics that generate these policies. A culmination of several decades of work by Robert Bates, among the most respected comparativists in political science, this compact volume seeks to rectify that omission. Bates addresses the political origins of prosperity and security and uncovers the root causes of under-development. Without the state there can be no development, but those who are endowed with the power of the state often use its power to appropriate the wealth and property of those they rule. When do those with power use it to safeguard rather than to despoil? Bates explores this question by analyzing motivations behind the behaviour of governments in the developing world, drawing on historical and anthropological insights, game theory, and his own field research in developing nations.

A Game Theoretic Approach

The Political Economy of Development

Coffee is traded in one of the few international markets ever subject to effective political regulation. In Open-Economy Politics, Robert Bates explores the origins, the operations, and the collapse of the International Coffee Organization, an international "government of coffee" that was formed in the 1960s. In so doing, he addresses key issues in international political economy and comparative politics, and analyzes the creation of political institutions and their impact on markets. Drawing upon field work in East Africa, Colombia, and Brazil, Bates explores the domestic sources of international politics within a unique theoretical framework that blends game theoretic and more established approaches to the study of politics. The book will appeal to those interested in international political economy, comparative politics, and the political economy of development, especially in Latin America and Africa, and to readers wanting to learn more about the economic and political realities that underlie the coffee market. It is also must reading for those interested in "the new institutionalism" and modern political economy.

The Political Economy of the World Coffee Trade

Open-Economy Politics

Following independence, most countries in Africa sought to develop, but their governments pursued policies that actually undermined their rural economies. Examining the origins of Africa’s "growth tragedy," Markets and States in Tropical Africa has for decades shaped the thinking of practitioners and scholars alike. Robert H. Bates’s analysis now faces a challenge, however: the revival of economic growth on the continent. In this edition, Bates provides a new preface and chapter that address the seeds of Africa’s recovery and discuss the significance of the continent’s success for the arguments of this classic work.

In his new edition of Prosperity and Violence, Robert Bates continues to investigate the relationship between political order and economic growth.

Prosperity and Violence

Reassessing the developing world through the lens of Europe's past Today’s developing nations emerged from the rubble of the Second World War. Only a handful of these countries have subsequently attained a level of prosperity and security comparable to that of the advanced industrial world. The implication is clear: those who study the developing world in order to learn how development can be achieved lack the data to do so. In The Development Dilemma, Robert Bates responds to this challenge by turning to history, focusing on England and France. By the end of the eighteenth century, England stood poised to enter “the great transformation.” France by contrast verged on state failure, and life and property were insecure. Probing the histories of these countries, Bates uncovers a powerful tension between prosperity and security: both may be necessary for development, he argues, but efforts to achieve the one threaten the achievement of the other. A fundamental tension pervades the political economy of development. Bates also argues that while the creation of a central hierarchy—a state—may be necessary to the achievement of development, it is not sufficient. What matters is how the power of the state is used. France and England teach us that in some settings the seizure and redistribution of wealth—not its safeguarding and fostering—is a winning political strategy. These countries also suggest the features that mark those settings—features that appear in nations throughout the developing world. Returning to the present, Bates applies these insights to the world today. Drawing on fieldwork in Zambia and Kenya, and data from around the globe, he demonstrates how the past can help us to understand the performance of nations in today’s developing world.

Security, Prosperity, and a Return to History

The Development Dilemma

Introduction -- The fundamental tension -- Taming the hierarchy -- Forging the political terrain -- The developing world: two examples -- The use of power -- Conclusion

Following independence, most countries in Africa sought to develop, but their governments pursued policies that actually undermined their rural economies. Examining the origins of Africa’s “growth tragedy,” Markets and States in Tropical Africa has for decades shaped the thinking of practitioners and scholars alike. Robert H. Bates’s analysis now faces a challenge, however: the revival of economic growth on the continent. In this edition, Bates provides a new preface and chapter that address the seeds of Africa’s recovery and discuss the significance of the continent’s success for the arguments of this classic work.

Explores the relationship between a government's political choices and its country's level of development.

Peter Lange

Robert O. Keohane

Helen V. Milner

James B Duke Professor of Political Science Robert O Keohane

This volume focuses on the effects of the internationalization of national markets on domestic politics.

Internationalization and Domestic Politics

James Robinson

Emmanuel Akyeampong

Nathan Nunn

Why has Africa remained persistently poor over its recorded history? Has Africa always been poor? What has been the nature of Africa's poverty and how do we explain its origins? This volume takes a necessary interdisciplinary approach to these questions by bringing together perspectives from archaeology, linguistics, history, anthropology, political science, and economics. Several contributors note that Africa's development was at par with many areas of Europe in the first millennium of the Common Era. Why Africa fell behind is a key theme in this volume, with insights that should inform Africa's developmental strategies.

Africa's Development in Historical Perspective

Open-economy Politics

Explores Africa in the late twentieth century, focusing on the logic of political order and the foundations of the state.

Robert H. Bates

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