S. Gero

Rodolfo Paoletti

International Society for Fat Research

J. Balo

E. Barabas

I. Budavari

Retsagi Gyorgy

Piroska L. Hagony

Sandor Herodek

M. Jaky

P. Konrad

Magdalene Kramer

Keller Laszlo

R. Petrasek

A. Rethy

J. Rigo

J. Sos

J. Szekely

I. Szelenyi

Katalin Szoke

R. Tarjan

L. Vaczi

M. Bihari-Varga

H. Vavrinkova

T. Angyal

Ilona Banga

U. Butturini

M. Cucuianu

P. Dussault

E. Ferenczy

G. A. Garton

A. Gnudi

A. J. Ch Haex

A. A. Hafiez

St Haragus

A. Abdel Hay

W. Th. J. M. Hekkens

Chudy Jan

A. Koch

T. Kremmer

J.-P. Lachance

C. H. Lea

A. M. Lennox

A. Moga

R. Morais

B. Mosinger

J. Orha

L. Petit

R. Poledne

E. Posch

J. Pucsok

W. Saeder

Elspetht B. Smith

Antal Solyom

H. Tangl

H. Vonkeman

N. A. Preobrazhenskii

Papers from the I. S. F. Congress, Budapest 1966

Patrick Y-K Wong

Helmut Sinzinger

Peter Ramwell

Bengt Samuelsson

Sir John R. Vane

The International Symposium on Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, first held in Vienna 1972, revisited the city after 24 years for the 10TH Symposium. For the many re searchers working in this multi-disciplinary field it was an opportunity to exchange their ex periences and share new data with colleagues from all around the world. This scientific exchange was largely encouraged by the unseasonably cold and rainy weather. For the first time, there was quite a large attendance from the former Communist countries. Eugene Garfield prepared a key note address delivered during the meeting (The Sci entist 1996, 12) reviewing the contribution of the Nobel Laureates U.S. von Euler, l.R. Vane, S.K. Bergstrom, and B.I. Samuelsson, discussing the relevance of the more than 40,000 pa pers in this area published since 1991. Overall, there is still a rapidly growing interest, and in particular a great variety of clinical applications of this family of compounds which were dis cussed in detail during the meeting. Beside the lectures there were 19 workshops covering nearly all the topics of key in terest. All the speakers were invited to prepare a manuscript which has resulted in the volume now in your hands. Special thanks to Dr. Patrick Wong and the new publisher of this series who helped to publish the proceedings in the usual quality and reasonable period of time. Looking forward to seeing all of you again in Florence in 1999, hopefully with much more sun.

Recent Advances in Prostaglandin, Thromboxane, and Leukotriene Research

The complex relationships between alcohol use and human health represent an area of increasing interest to specialists interested in preventive cardiology. The inverse relationship between alcohol consumption and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, especially myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke, has in fact gained sound scientific support in recent years. This book, based in an international symposium on the topic held in Venice, October 30-31, 1999, analyzes in depth the epidemiological association between alcohol consumption and human diseases and discusses the possible mechanisms involved in alcohol-associated protection from atherosclerotic diseases. The oxidative effects of different amounts of alcohol intake and of various alcoholic beverages in the production of these effects - subjects of considerable debate - are also analyzed. This book will be of interest to clinicians and researchers active in the areas of atherosclerosis, public health, preventive medicine, and preventive cardiology. It is intended to specifically help practising clinicians provide their patients with evidence-based answers to the most commonly asked questions regarding alcohol use.

Moderate Alcohol Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease

Advances in Prostaglandin and Thromboxane Research: Advances in prostaglandin and thromboxane research

David Kritchevsky

Advances in Lipid Research, Volume 15 is a four-chapter text that covers important aspects of lipid chemistry, including biomembranes and fungal lipids. The first chapter is devoted to the long-range order in biomembranes. This chapter presents evidence that the proteins and lipids of biological membranes are partitioned into functional and structural aggregates in the plane of the membrane. The second chapter surveys the pharmacology and toxicology of steroids and related compounds. This chapter also provides the methodology, physiologic and transport mechanisms, and effects on the central nervous system. The third chapter explores all aspects of lipid composition of all classes of fungi. This chapter also discusses the intracellular distribution and biosynthesis of the lipid components of fungi. The fourth chapter considers the biochemistry of plant sterols, including structure, stereochemistry, biosynthesis, metabolism, and function. This book will be of value to lipid chemists, biochemists, and researchers.

Advances in Lipid Research

Advances in Lipid Research, Volume 4 provides information pertinent to the actions of catecholamines to lipid metabolism. This book discusses lipid metabolism in microorganisms wherein one relates specifically to the fatty acids of microorganisms and the other to general aspects of lipid metabolism in microorganisms. Organized into seven chapters, this volume begins with an overview of some of the contributions of lipid research to the understanding of the clotting mechanism. This text then examines the extent to which dietary carbohydrate interferes in lipid metabolism. Other chapters consider the lipid-mobilizing effects of adrenomimetic agents, which are highly specific for the depot type of adipose tissue. This book discusses as well a number of areas of bacterial lipid biochemistry that are under investigation. The final chapter deals with the procedures for assessing the purity of labeled lipids by organic synthesis, biosynthesis, and isotope exchange techniques. This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, scientists, and research workers.

Advances in Lipid Research, Volume 10 is a six-chapter text that is devoted to several special areas of lipid research, including significant progress in established areas of interest in the field. The introductory chapter surveys the application of electron microscopic techniques to the analysis of plasma lipoproteins. The subsequent chapter deals with the possible modification of reticuloendothelial functions by lipids and the role of lipids in cellular, humoral, and immune responses. These topics are followed by discussions of the microsomal enzymes of sterol biosynthesis and the enzymatic synthesis and degradation of glycerol lipids, which contain ether bonds. The remaining chapters focus on lipid neurochemistry. These chapters specifically examine particular brain lipids, such as fatty acids, phospholipids, sphingolipids, galatosyl lipids, and sterols. A discussion of lipids of the entire nervous system and their variation with age is also included. This book will prove useful to lipids chemists, biochemists, and organic chemists.

Enrico Garaci

M.Gabriella Santoro

Arachidonic acid metabolites are known to playa regulatory role in a number of biological systems, in which they function as microenviron mental hormones and intracellular signal mediators. One of the most exciting areas of research of these compounds is the one that studies the relationship between prostaglandins and tumor cell growth and function. In the last few years there has been an extraordinary evolution of data on prostaglandins (and related compounds) and cancer. This vol ume is based on papers presented at the 1986 International Confer ence on Prostaglandins and Cancer organized by the Italian National Research Council and the II University of Rome, and held in Rome, Italy, in June, 1986. This Conference brought together oncologists and specialists in the areas of prostaglandin chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacology, physiology, cellular and molecular biology to overview the actual state of knowledge on the role of eicosanoids in cancer and to focus on the key questions that need to be answered. The picture that comes out of this book describes a very complicated network of interactions between arachidonic acid metabolites and different as pects of the complex phenomenon "cancer". Eicosanoids participate in carcinogenesis initiation and promotion, and their relationship with tumor promoters and growth factors is well established. During cancer growth, different prostaglandins can have different roles in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation and in metastasis formation; meanwhile evidence is accumulating for a pos sible use of some of these compounds as antineoplastic agents.

Prostaglandins in Cancer Research

Advances in Lipid Research reviews advances in lipid research and covers topics ranging from lipid histochemistry and control of plasma and liver triglyceride kinetics by carbohydrate metabolism and insulin. Lipid metabolism in tissue culture cells is also discussed, along with the carcinogenicity of steroids and the chemical and biological properties of heated and oxidized fats. Comprised of five chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the histochemistry of lipids in both its qualitative and quantitative aspects, followed by an analysis of the roles of carbohydrate metabolism and insulin in relation to their control of the metabolism of plasma and liver triglycerides. Lipid metabolism in many tissue culture systems is the subject of the next chapter. The experimental and theoretical aspects of the connection between cancer and steroids are also examined. The last chapter deals with the possible harmful effects of heating dietary fats and how heating may alter the chemical and biological properties of fats. Attention is paid to auto-oxidation, carcinogenicity, and the interaction of heated fats with other dietary components. This monograph will be useful to students, practicing professionals, and research workers in biology and biochemistry.

Paul M. Vanhoutte

Nicoletta Brunello

Franco M. Maggi

This volume represents the proceedings ofthe invited lectures ofthe first International Symposium on "Serotonin from Cell Biology to Pharmacology and Therapeutics" which was held in Florence on March 29 -Aprill, 1989. This meeting, held under the co-sponsorship of the Serotonin Club and the Fondazione Giovanni Lorenzini, represents the first attempt to bring together scientists fascinated by the complexity of the action of 5-hydroxytryptamine throughout the body and in various species. Hence this volume provides the reader with the unique overview of the sources, effects, receptors, physiological actions and pathological role of Serotonin. As such it will be of interest not only to the person devoting herorhis research efforts to the study of 5-hydroxytryptamine but also to all scholars and even clinicians wanting to know how the powerful monoamine can modulate cellular functions. To accelerate the publication of these proceedings the Editors and the publishers have selected the camera ready format and have avoided a lengthy refereeing process. Hence the scientific content of, and the opinions expressed in the chapters are the sole responsibility of the authors. The Editors Milan and Houston The Editors want to thank Mrs. H. Liepman and her staff at Kluwer for the prompt and efficient handling of the manuscripts.

From Cell Biology to Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Serotonin

S. Govoni

T. Godfraind

Although the importance of calcium (Ca2+) in the maintenance of cardiac contractility was recognized as early as 1880, the critical role of the ion in the contractile process in skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle has only been established within the last three decades. As the complexity of the pharmacological actions of the Ca2+ channel inhibitors grows, there is a continued need to further clarify the inhibitors, both chemically and functionally. This volume provides an update of the field based on the work presented at the 5th International Symposium on Calcium Antagonists: Pharmacology and Clinical Research. It reviews the current state of the growing area of molecular biology of Ca2+ channels. In the cardiovascular area, in addition to the well-established clinical uses of Ca2+ channel inhibitors, exciting new work pointing to an application in atherosclerosis is described. The book also includes important uses of Ca2+ antagonists in novel areas of interest such as the gastrointestinal tract, renal protection and multi-drug resistance.

Pharmacology and Clinical Research

Calcium Antagonists

P.R. Saxena

This volume contains the Proceedings of the invited lectures of the Second International Sym posium on SEROTONIN from Cell Biology to Pharmacology and Therapeutics held in Houston, Texas September 15-18, 1992. The meeting was held under the co-sponsorship of the Serotonin Club, the Giovanni Lorenzini Medical Foundation, and the Fondazione Giovanni Lorenzini. This volume discusses the major exploration in knowledge that has occurred recently of the complex role that 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) plays in health and disease. In par ticular, these Proceedings highlight major breakthroughs in molecular biology and classification of receptor subtypes that are responsible for the many actions of the monoamine. The ever increasing importance of serotonin in central regulation, whether autonomic or behavioral is represented by a large number of chapters prepared by world experts. Additionally, the role of serotonin in peripheral organs is also discussed. Hence, this volume provides the reader with a unique, up-to-date review of this exciting and novel area of science. These Proceedings obviously are of great interest, not only to the researchers directly engaged in the quest for the understanding and unraveling of the actions of the interactions with serotonin as a major neurohumoral mediator, but also to all scholars and clinicians who wish to acquire a better understanding of the functioning of the brain and of peripheral organs. Since this volume was constructed as a compilation of invited lectures, the scientific content and the opinions expressed in the chapters are the sole responsibility of the authors.

Ario Conti

Andrea Poli

Francesco Visioli

Cocoa and chocolate are the subjects of much research in the fields of food chemistry, food technology, and health science. We now know that cocoa contains a remarkable number of bioactive compounds, and these are being tested in humans to verify their disease prevention characteristics. This state of the art text thoroughly explores the different aspects of the relationship between chocolate and health. After introductory discussion of the historical background, careful attention is devoted to technological developments designed to improve the health-giving qualities of chocolate and biochemical and clinical trials of cocoa and its components. Various health impacts of cocoa and chocolate are thoroughly evaluated, including acute vascular effects and effects on blood pressure, blood lipids, and platelets. Psychological drivers of chocolate consumption and craving are also considered. Readers will find this book to be a rich source of essential information on cocoa and chocolate, their purported health-giving qualities, and the advances that are being made in this area.

Chocolate and Health

Advances in Lipid Research, Volume 3 presents the analysis of human serum lipoproteins and emphasizes the possibilities inherent in the application of computer methods to such analyses. This book discusses the effects of various drugs on the other important component of the serum lipids, the phospholipids. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the possibility of a dehydrogenation toward the methyl group. This text then presents a detailed discussion of lipoprotein structure, metabolism, and catabolism. Other chapters consider some potentially significant revisions in lipoprotein procedure, including additions to the technology of lipoprotein analysis. This book discusses as well the chemistry and metabolism of plasma lipoprotein as related to physiological and disease states. The final chapter deals with the advances in methods of purification and studies of the properties and mode of action of lipases. This book is a valuable resource for organic chemists, neurochemists, and biochemists.

Advances in Lipid Research, Volume 17 is a six-chapter text that covers the most prevalent problems in lipoprotein mechanism research works. The opening chapters examine the metabolic role of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), specifically the role of HDL in cholesterol transport. The next chapter discusses cholesterol metabolism in various types of clinical hyperlipidemias and describes cholesterol turnover as a function of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, or a combination of the two. Other chapters deal with the hypocholesterolemic effect of polyunsaturated fats on man, as well as the mechanism of lipid peroxidation in mitochondrial membranes and its effects on alterations in cellular processes. The closing chapter relates to membrane phenomena, with particular emphasis to the study of membrane structure by means of membrane-cooperative enzymes. This chapter also explores the application of allosterism as a tool for membrane research. This book will prove useful to lipid and enzyme chemists, biochemists, and researchers.

P.G. Crosignani

P.M. Sarrel

N.K. Wenger

Few topics in women's medicine today are as fraught with confusion and controversy as the question of appropriate treatment for menopausal symptoms and the prevention of negative long term health outcomes common to post-menopausal women. Cardiovascular disease (CVD), osteoporosis, and cancer -- the most common causes of death, disability and impaired quality of life for women -- can potentially be prevented or forestalled by dietary, behavioral, and drug interventions. A better understanding of the natural history of the menopause is critical to providing better care. If women and their physicians have a better understanding of predictors of risk, they could make more informed decisions about interventions related to menopausal symptoms, CVD, osteoporosis and gynecologic and breast cancer. Few other recently introduced medical interventions have as great a potential of affecting morbidity and mortality as does hormone replacement therapy (HRT). HRT has produced effect on health risk: some are reduced, some are raised, and some uncertain, and these data are interpreted differently by various scientific, medical and consumer groups.

Behaviour, Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, Hormone Replacement Therapy

Women’s Health in Menopause

Rodolfo Paoletti

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