Rolf Steininger

ألمانيا والشرق الأوسط

In the 'Moscow Declaration' of 1943 the Allies officially propagated the notion of Austria as the first victim of Hitlerite aggression and announced their intention to set up a "free and independent Austria" after the war, which finally happened in 1955. By questioning why it took so long to get to this point, the author addresses issues such as the victim thesis, Austrians as perpetrators, Austrian anti-Semitism and official attempts to mitigate its effects after the war. He discusses the various proposals for post-war Austria and connects for the first time the issues of Anschluss, German question, Cold War, and the State Treaty. He makes it clear that the question of Austria was from the very beginning inextricably linked with the more important question of Germany.

From the Anschluss to the State Treaty, 1938-1955

Austria, Germany, and the Cold War

Michael Gehler

Gunter Bischof

These fourteen essays by leading Austrian historians and political scientists serve as a basic introduction to a small but sometimes trend-setting European country. They provide a basic up-to-date outline of Austria's political history, shedding light on economic and social trends as well. No European country has experienced more dramatic turning points in its twentieth-century history than Austria. This volume divides the century into three periods. The five essays of Section I deal with the years 1900-1938. Under the relative tranquility of the late Habsburg monarchy seethed a witch's brew of social and political trends, signaling the advent of modernity and leading to the outbreak of World War I and eventually to the collapse of the Habsburg Empire. The First Austrian Republic was one of the succession states that tried to build a nation against the backdrop of political and economic crisis and simmering civil war between the various political camps. Democracy collapsed in 1933 and an authoritarian regime attempted to prevail against pressures from Nazi Germany and Nazis at home. The two essays in Section II cover World War II (1938-1945). In 1938, Hitler's "Third Reich" annexed Austria and the population was pulled into the cauldron of World War II, fighting and collaborating with the Nazis, and also resisting and fleeing them. The seven essays of Section III concentrate on the Second Republic (1945 to the present). After ten years of four-power Allied occupation, Austria regained her sovereignty with the Austrian State Treaty of 1955. The price paid was neutrality. Unlike the turmoil of the prewar years, Austria became a "normal" nation with a functioning democracy, one building toward economic prosperity. After the collapse of the "iron curtain" in 1989, Austria turned westward, joining the European Union in 1995. Most recently, with the advent of populist politics, Austria's political system has experienced a sea of change departing from its political economy of a huge state-owned sector and social partnership as well as Proporz. This informed and insightful volume will serve as a textbook in courses on Austrian, German and European history, as well as in comparative European politics.

Austria in the Twentieth Century

Harald Stadler

Karl C. Berger

Die Kosaken im Ersten und Zweiten Weltkrieg

die Ruhrfrage 1945/46 und die Entstehung Nordrhein-Westfalens

Ein neues Land an Rhein und Ruhr

britische, französische und amerikanische Akten

Die Ruhrfrage 1945/46 und die Entstehung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen

Der Krieg von 1914–1918 war der Große Krieg, die "Urkatastrophe des 20. Jahrhunderts". Dieser Krieg war ein Weltkrieg, der in Europa, im Nahen und Fernen Osten, in Afrika und zur See ausgetragen wurde und zum Untergang der Monarchien in Deutschland, Österreich-Ungarn und Russland und zum Zerfall des Osmanischen Reiches führte. Er brachte Millionen Menschen Tod und Elend und legte den Grundstein für etliche der nachfolgenden Katastrophen. Von Februar 2014 bis Dezember 2015 hat der bekannte Zeithistoriker Rolf Steininger an 92 Wochenenden in den Dolomiten – Tagblatt der Südtiroler – über diesen Krieg berichtet. Im vorliegenden Band werden diese Beiträge nun gesammelt vorgelegt.

Der Große Krieg 1914-1918 in 92 Kapiteln

d. dt. Frage, d. Internationale u. d. Problem d. Wiederaufnahme d. SPD auf d. internat. sozialist. Konferenzen bis 1951, unter bes. Berücks. d. Labour Party : Darst. u. Dokumentation

Deutschland und die Sozialistische Internationale nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg

This volume represents a historical comparison of the American and the EU European constitutional experiences and lessons to be derived therefrom for the present time. It is designed to deepen the understanding of the historical and political dimensions of constitutional designs and practises on two continents. Hopefully, such historical depth charts will expand the horizon of debates among experts and decision-makers. The first part concentrates on the historical dimension. It deals with the experiences and perceptions of basic American political principles, developments of international and humanitarian law, and the historical dimension of constitutional debates. The second part of the book aims at culling potential lessons from the American constitutional experience and the remarkable longevity of the U.S. constitution. Additional chapters concentrate on specific aspects and elements of the European constitutional debate (courts of law, human rights, minority protections, as well as gender equality). Still other contributions focus on the historical context of the recent European Constitutional Convention. Chapters on writing a European 'bill of rights', the EU reform debates of the 1990s, and finally an analysis of the Brussels Constitutional Summit of June 2004 are also included. The spillover effects of the economic and monetary union on the constitutional debates are covered here, as well as Asian perceptions of European integration. Practitioners and scholars address in this volume historical, political and diplomatic dimensions and achievements in the process of European constitution making and ist chances of success in the future. Finally, the current tensions in the Atlantic world are analysed and what they may portend for the future of European Union security options.

A Historical and Political Comparison with the United States

Towards a European Constitution

Darstellung und Dokumente in vier Bänden

Deutsche Geschichte

Rolf Steininger

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