Martin Gardner

Rudolf Carnap

Stimulating, thought-provoking text by one of the 20th century's most creative philosophers makes accessible such topics as probability, measurement and quantitative language, causality and determinism, theoretical laws and concepts, more.

An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science

Available for the first time in 20 years, here are two important works from the 1920s by the best-known representative of the Vienna Circle. In The Logical Structure of the World, Carnap adopts the position of ?methodological solipsism” and shows that it is possible to describe the world from the immediate data of experience. In his Pseudoproblems in Philosophy, he asserts that many philosophical problems are meaningless.

And, Pseudoproblems in Philosophy

The Logical Structure of the World

Clear, comprehensive, and rigorous treatment develops the subject from elementary concepts to the construction and analysis of relatively complex logical languages. Hundreds of problems, examples, and exercises. 1958 edition.

Introduction to Symbolic Logic and Its Applications

"This book is valuable as expounding in full a theory of meaning that has its roots in the work of Frege and has been of the widest influence. . . . The chief virtue of the book is its systematic character. From Frege to Quine most philosophical logicians have restricted themselves by piecemeal and local assaults on the problems involved. The book is marked by a genial tolerance. Carnap sees himself as proposing conventions rather than asserting truths. However he provides plenty of matter for argument."—Anthony Quinton, Hibbert Journal

A Study in Semantics and Modal Logic

Meaning and Necessity

The Logical Syntax of Language (Open Court Classics)

Otto Neurath

John Von Neumann

Marguerite Young

Max Black

Herbert Feigl

Reinhardt Grossmann

Erwin Tegtmeier

Philipp Frank

Herbert Hochberg

Wilfrid Sellars

Alexius Meinong

Adolf Grünbaum

Gustav Bergmann

William Henry Hay

William Smith Heald

Edwin Bonar Allaire

May Brodbeck

Rosaria Egidi

Alan Michael Hausmann

Philosophers discussed include Franz Brentano, Kurt Gödel, and Ludwig Wittgenstein. Correspondents include May Brodbeck, Herbert Feigl, John von Neumann, and Marguerite Young.

Papers of Gustav Bergmann

Einführung in die symbolische Logik mit besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer Anwendungen

In der Gestalt der symbolischen oder mathematischen Logik oder Logistik hat die Logik seit etwa 100 Jahren eine völlig neue Form an genommen. Die Verwendung von Symbolen ist zwar das auffallendste Merkmal der neuen Logik, aber nicht das wesentlichste. Wichtiger sind die Exaktheit der Formulierung, die große Ausdehnung des Gebietes, ins besondere in der Theorie der Relationen und der Begriffe höherer Stufen, und die vielfältige Anwendungsmöglichkeit der neuen Methoden. In den letzten Jahrzehnten ist daher das Interesse an der symbolischen Logik in weiteren Kreisen wachgeworden, besonders unter Philosophen und Mathematikern, aber auch unter den Fachwissenschaftlern, die an der Analyse der Begriffe ihrer Fachwissenschaften interessiert sind. Ins besondere in den Vereinigten Staaten ist die symbolische Logik heute ein anerkanntes Fachgebiet in Forschung und Unterricht; hier betrachten die meisten Autoren, die über Philosophie der Erkenntnis, Sprachanalyse, Methodenlehre der Wissenschaft, Grundlagen der Mathematik, axioma. tische Methode und ähnliches schreiben, die symbolische Logik als ein unentbehrliches Hilfsmittel. Dieses Buch möchte dazu beitragen, das Interesse an der symbolischen Logik in den deutschsprachigen Ländern zu fördern. Es unterscheidet sich von den übrigen Lehrbüchern, die meist in englischer Sprache erschienen sind, hauptsächlich in folgenden Punkten. Hier werden nicht nur, wie sonst üblich, die elementaren Teile der Theorie dargestellt, sondern auch ausführlich die höheren Gebiete, besonders die Logik der Relationen, die für die Anwendung besonders wichtig sind. Ferner ist der ganze Teil II der Anwendung der symbolischen Logik gewidmet.

mit besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer Anwendungen

Einführung in die symbolische Logik

Yehoshua Bar-Hillel

An Outline of a Theory of Semantic Information

Willard Van Orman Quine

Richard Creath

Rudolf Carnap and W. V. Quine, two of the twentieth century's most important philosophers, corresponded at length--and over a long period of time--on matters personal, professional, and philosophical. Their friendship encompassed issues and disagreements that go to the heart of contemporary philosophic discussions. Carnap (1891-1970) was a founder and leader of the logical positivist school. The younger Quine (1908-) began as his staunch admirer but diverged from him increasingly over questions in the analysis of meaning and the justification of belief. That they remained close, relishing their differences through years of correspondence, shows their stature both as thinkers and as friends. The letters are presented here, in full, for the first time. The substantial introduction by Richard Creath offers a lively overview of Carnap's and Quine's careers and backgrounds, allowing the nonspecialist to see their writings in historical and intellectual perspective. Creath also provides a judicious analysis of the philosophical divide between them, showing how deep the issues cut into the discipline, and how to a large extent they remain unresolved. Dear Carnap, I enclose a copy of a paper which I am ready to send off for publication. . . . I am anxious to have you look this over as soon as possible, to see whether you have reason to suppose the system contradictory: for it looks dangerous. Dear Quine: I read your paper very carefully and with the highest interest. . . . So far, I do not see any contradiction in the system itself . . . but I share your feeling that the whole looks rather dangerous. Rudolf Carnap and W. V. Quine, two of the twentieth century's most important philosophers, corresponded at length--and over a long period of time--on matters personal, professional, and philosophical. Their friendship encompassed issues and disagreements that go to the heart of contemporary philosophic discussions. Carnap (1891-1970) was a founder and leader of the logical positivist school. The younger Quine (1908-) began as his staunch admirer but diverged from him increasingly over questions in the analysis of meaning and the justification of belief. That they remained close, relishing their differences through years of correspondence, shows their stature both as thinkers and as friends. The letters are presented here, in full, for the first time. The substantial introduction by Richard Creath offers a lively overview of Carnap's and Quine's careers and backgrounds, allowing the nonspecialist to see their writings in historical and intellectual perspective. Creath also provides a judicious analysis of the philosophical divide between them, showing how deep the issues cut into the discipline, and how to a large extent they remain unresolved. Dear Carnap, I enclose a copy of a paper which I am ready to send off for publication. . . . I am anxious to have you look this over as soon as possible, to see whether you have reason to suppose the system contradictory: for it looks dangerous. Dear Quine: I read your paper very carefully and with the highest interest. . . . So far, I do not see any contradiction in the system itself . . . but I share your feeling that the whole looks rather dangerous.

The Quine-Carnap Correspondence and Related Work

Dear Carnap, Dear Van

The main purpose of this book is the development of a new method for the semantical analysis of meaning, that is, a new method for analyzing and describing the meanings of linguistic expressions. This method, called the method of extension and intension, is developed by modifying and extending certain customary concepts, especially those of class and property. The method will be contrasted with various other semantical methods used in traditional philosophy or by contemporary authors. These other methods have one characteristic in common. They all regard an expression in a language as a name of a concrete or abstract entity. In contradistinction, the method here proposed takes an expression, not as naming anything, but as possessing an intension and an extension. Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork.

Meaning and Necessity - A Study in Semantics and Modal Logic

Ein Beitrag zur Wissenschaftslehre

Der Raum

W. V. Quine

Rudolf Carnap and W. V. Quine, two of the twentieth century's most important philosophers, corresponded at length—and over a long period of time—on matters personal, professional, and philosophical. Their friendship encompassed issues and disagreements that go to the heart of contemporary philosophic discussions. Carnap (1891-1970) was a founder and leader of the logical positivist school. The younger Quine (1908-) began as his staunch admirer but diverged from him increasingly over questions in the analysis of meaning and the justification of belief. That they remained close, relishing their differences through years of correspondence, shows their stature both as thinkers and as friends. The letters are presented here, in full, for the first time. The substantial introduction by Richard Creath offers a lively overview of Carnap's and Quine's careers and backgrounds, allowing the nonspecialist to see their writings in historical and intellectual perspective. Creath also provides a judicious analysis of the philosophical divide between them, showing how deep the issues cut into the discipline, and how to a large extent they remain unresolved.

The Quine-Carnap Correspondence and Related Work: Edited and with an introduction by Richard Creath

As a leading member of the Vienna Circle, Rudolph Carnap's aim was to bring about a "unified science" by applying a method of logical analysis to the empirical data of all the sciences. This work, first published in English in 1934, endeavors to work out a way in which the observation statements required for verification are not private to the observer. The work shows the strong influence of Wittgenstein, Russell, and Frege.

The Unity of Science

Rudolf Carnap

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