William R. Lund

Steve D. Bowman

The purpose of these guidelines for investigating geologic hazards and preparing engineering-geology reports, is to provide recommendations for appropriate, minimum investigative techniques, standards, and report content to ensure adequate geologic site characterization and geologic-hazard investigations to protect public safety and facilitate risk reduction. Such investigations provide important information on site geologic conditions that may affect or be affected by development, as well as the type and severity of geologic hazards at a site, and recommend solutions to mitigate the effects and the cost of the hazards, both at the time of construction and over the life of the development. The accompanying suggested approach to geologic-hazard ordinances and school-site investigation guidelines are intended as an aid for land-use planning and regulation by local Utah jurisdictions and school districts, respectively. Geologic hazards that are not accounted for in project planning and design often result in additional unforeseen construction and/or future maintenance costs, and possible injury or death.

2016GUIDELINES FOR INVESTIGATING GEOLOGIC HAZARDS AND PREPARING ENGINEERING-GEOLOGY REPORTS, WITH A SUGGESTED APPROACH TO GEOLOGIC-HAZARD ORDINANCES IN UTAH

This photographic journal chronicles the history and construction of the high Sierra check dams from the first one at Yellowhammer Lake in 1920 through the last one constructed at High Emigrant Lake in 1951, past the establishment of the Emigrant Wilderness in 1975, and through various stages of support and opposition which are on-going to this day. Each major period in either check dam construction or the period after is divided into separate chapters, with each check dam described in detail with historical and recent photographs, many that have never been published. In addition, available historical writings and records of Fred Leighton and others were utilized to provide a more in depth perspective on the check dams from those directly involved in construction and/or maintenance. Outdoor enthusiasts discovering the Emigrant Wilderness of the high Sierra for the first time might easily consider it a pristine wilderness, rich in wildlife, streams, lakes, and scenic views. And yet, this is one area where the hand of man has worked to enrich the natural landscape. One of the most notable changes man has made in this area is the construction of small rock dams at the outlet of selected lakes and meadows. These dams were called check dams by Fred W. Leighton, who developed the concept of raising the water level of natural lakes and meadows for fishery and riparian enhancement. These check dams provide an enhanced habitat for mountain fish by providing additional water flow in the late summer months when natural streams typically run very low or completely dry.

Steve D. Bowman

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