Steven H. Weintraub

This text is one of the first to treat vector calculus using differential forms in place of vector fields and other outdated techniques. Geared towards students taking courses in multivariable calculus, this innovative book aims to make the subject more readily understandable. Differential forms unify and simplify the subject of multivariable calculus, and students who learn the subject as it is presented in this book should come away with a better conceptual understanding of it than those who learn using conventional methods. * Treats vector calculus using differential forms * Presents a very concrete introduction to differential forms * Develops Stokess theorem in an easily understandable way * Gives well-supported, carefully stated, and thoroughly explained definitions and theorems. * Provides glimpses of further topics to entice the interested student

Integration on Manifolds and Stokes's Theorem

Differential Forms

Discusses Galois theory, treating fields of characteristic zero and of positive characteristic with consideration of both separable and inseparable extensions, but with an emphasis on algebraic extensions of the field of rational numbers. This book concludes with a discussion of the algebraic closure and of infinite Galois extensions.

Galois Theory

Jordan Canonical Form (JCF) is one of the most important, and useful, concepts in linear algebra. The JCF of a linear transformation, or of a matrix, encodes all of the structural information about that linear transformation, or matrix. This book is a careful development of JCF. After beginning with background material, we introduce Jordan Canonical Form and related notions: eigenvalues, (generalized) eigenvectors, and the characteristic and minimum polynomials. We decide the question of diagonalizability, and prove the Cayley-Hamilton theorem. Then we present a careful and complete proof of the fundamental theorem: Let V be a finite-dimensional vector space over the field of complex numbers C, and let T : V → V be a linear transformation. Then T has a Jordan Canonical Form. This theorem has an equivalent statement in terms of matrices: Let A be a square matrix with complex entries. Then A is similar to a matrix J in Jordan Canonical Form, i.e., there is an invertible matrix P and a matrix J in Jordan Canonical Form with A = PJP-1. We further present an algorithm to find P and J, assuming that one can factor the characteristic polynomial of A. In developing this algorithm we introduce the eigenstructure picture (ESP) of a matrix, a pictorial representation that makes JCF clear. The ESP of A determines J, and a refinement, the labeled eigenstructure picture (lESP) of A, determines P as well. We illustrate this algorithm with copious examples, and provide numerous exercises for the reader.

Theory and Practice

Jordan Canonical Form

"This book provides a rigorous and thorough development of linear algebra at an advanced level, and is directed at graduate students and professional mathematicians. It approaches linear algebra from an algebraic point of view, but its selection of topics is governed not only for their importance in linear algebra itself, but also for their applications throughout mathematics."--Cover p. [4].

A Guide to Advanced Linear Algebra

Linear algebra occupies a central place in modern mathematics. This book provides a rigorous and thorough development of linear algebra at an advanced level, and is directed at graduate students and professional mathematicians. It approaches linear algebra from an algebraic point of view, but its selection of topics is governed not only for their importance in linear algebra itself, but also for their applications throughout mathematics. Students in algebra, analysis, and topology will find much of interest and use to them, and the careful treatment and breadth of subject matter will make this book a valuable reference for mathematicians throughout their professional lives. Topics treated in this book include: vector spaces and linear transformations; dimension counting and applications; representation of linear transformations by matrices; duality; determinants and their uses; rational and especially Jordan canonical form; bilinear forms; inner product spaces; normal linear transformations and the spectral theorem; and an introduction to matrix groups as Lie groups. The book treats vector spaces in full generality, though it concentrates on the finite dimensional case. Also, it treats vector spaces over arbitrary fields, specializing to algebraically closed fields or to the fields of real and complex numbers as necessary.

Klaus Hulek

Constantin Kahn

The aim of the Expositions is to present new and important developments in pure and applied mathematics. Well established in the community over more than two decades, the series offers a large library of mathematical works, including several important classics. The volumes supply thorough and detailed expositions of the methods and ideas essential to the topics in question. In addition, they convey their relationships to other parts of mathematics. The series is addressed to advanced readers interested in a thorough study of the subject. Editorial Board Lev Birbrair, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil Walter D. Neumann, Columbia University, New York, USA Markus J. Pflaum, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA Dierk Schleicher, Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany Katrin Wendland, University of Freiburg, Germany Honorary Editor Victor P. Maslov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Titles in planning include Yuri A. Bahturin, Identical Relations in Lie Algebras (2019) Yakov G. Berkovich, Lev G. Kazarin, and Emmanuel M. Zhmud', Characters of Finite Groups, Volume 2 (2019) Jorge Herbert Soares de Lira, Variational Problems for Hypersurfaces in Riemannian Manifolds (2019) Volker Mayer, Mariusz Urbański, and Anna Zdunik, Random and Conformal Dynamical Systems (2021) Ioannis Diamantis, Bostjan Gabrovsek, Sofia Lambropoulou, and Maciej Mroczkowski, Knot Theory of Lens Spaces (2021)

Compactification, Degenerations, and Theta Functions

Moduli Spaces of Abelian Surfaces

Linear Algebra for the Young Mathematician is a careful, thorough, and rigorous introduction to linear algebra. It adopts a conceptual point of view, focusing on the notions of vector spaces and linear transformations, and it takes pains to provide proofs that bring out the essential ideas of the subject. It begins at the beginning, assuming no prior knowledge of the subject, but goes quite far, and it includes many topics not usually treated in introductory linear algebra texts, such as Jordan canonical form and the spectral theorem. While it concentrates on the finite-dimensional case, it treats the infinite-dimensional case as well. The book illustrates the centrality of linear algebra by providing numerous examples of its application within mathematics. It contains a wide variety of both conceptual and computational exercises at all levels, from the relatively straightforward to the quite challenging. Readers of this book will not only come away with the knowledge that the results of linear algebra are true, but also with a deep understanding of why they are true.

Linear Algebra for the Young Mathematician

William A. Adkins

William Adkins

This book is designed as a text for a first-year graduate algebra course. The choice of topics is guided by the underlying theme of modules as a basic unifying concept in mathematics. Beginning with standard topics in groups and ring theory, the authors then develop basic module theory, culminating in the fundamental structure theorem for finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain. They then treat canonical form theory in linear algebra as an application of this fundamental theorem. Module theory is also used in investigating bilinear, sesquilinear, and quadratic forms. The authors develop some multilinear algebra (Hom and tensor product) and the theory of semisimple rings and modules and apply these results in the final chapter to study group represetations by viewing a representation of a group G over a field F as an F(G)-module. The book emphasizes proofs with a maximum of insight and a minimum of computation in order to promote understanding. However, extensive material on computation (for example, computation of canonical forms) is provided.

An Approach Via Module Theory

Algebra

Mathematical induction — along with its equivalents, complete induction and well-ordering, and its immediate consequence, the pigeonhole principle — constitute essential proof techniques. Every mathematician is familiar with mathematical induction, and every student of mathematics requires a grasp of its concepts. This volume provides an introduction and a thorough exposure to these proof techniques. Geared toward students of mathematics at all levels, the text is particularly suitable for courses in mathematical induction, theorem-proving, and problem-solving. The treatment begins with both intuitive and formal explanations of mathematical induction and its equivalents. The next chapter presents many problems consisting of results to be proved by induction, with solutions omitted to enable instructors to assign them to students. Problems vary in difficulty; the majority of them require little background, and the most advanced involve calculus or linear algebra. The final chapter features proofs too complicated for students to find on their own, some of which are famous theorems by well-known mathematicians. For these beautiful and important theorems, the author provides expositions and proofs. The text concludes with a helpful Appendix providing the logical equivalence of the various forms of induction.

Steven H. Weintraub

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