Alan E. Willner

Miles J. Padgett

Jian Wang

Yang Yue

Hao Huang

Siddharth Ramachandran

Martin P.J. Lavery

Yan Yan

Nenad Bozinovic

Steven E. Golowich

In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive review of multimode communications using OAM. The fundamentals of OAM are introduced first followed by the techniques for OAM generation, multiplexing/demultiplexing, and detection. We then present recent research efforts to free-space communication links and fiber-based transmission links using OAM multiplexing together with optical signal processing using OAM (data exchange, add/drop, multicasting, monitoring, and compensation). Future challenges of OAM communications are discussed at the end.

Chapter 12. Multimode Communications Using Orbital Angular Momentum

Optical Fiber Telecommunications VIB

Li Fujian

ASEAN countries play a crucial role in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) that was initiated in 2013. A number of priority BRI projects have since been implemented. The implementation of BRI brings new opportunities and challenges to countries in the region, and also to regional integration.In this book, researchers from universities and think-tanks in ASEAN countries study the BRI from the perspective of regional studies. It presents an analysis of responses on BRI of the government and people from individual ASEAN members.The book addresses three areas: First, the strengths and weaknesses of ASEAN countries, and the opportunities and challenges for them in implementing the BRI (a SWOT analysis); second, the impacts of BRI on building the ASEAN community; and third, interactions between BRI and ASEAN-China cooperation.

Belt And Road Initiative, The: Asean Countries' Perspectives

Qiang Wang

Zhongqi Pan

Changjing Bao

In the past few decades, the optical communication industry has explored multiple degrees of freedom of the photon, such as time, wavelength, amplitude, phase, polarization, and space, to significantly reduce the cost/bit of data transmission by increasing the capacity per fiber through multiplexing technology and by reducing the size and power through electronic and photonic integration. This book aims to explore the latest advancements in this industry, including the technologies in devices, systems, and network levels with applications from short-reach chip-to-chip interconnections to long-haul backbone communications at the trans-oceanic distance.

Prospects in Industrial Applications

Optical Communications and Networking

Yongxiong Ren

It is well-known by now that the angular momentum carried by elementary particles can be categorized as spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM). In the early 1900s, Poynting recognized that a particle, such as a photon, can carry SAM, which has only two possible states, i.e., clockwise and anticlockwise circular polarization states. However, only fairly recently, in 1992, Allen et al. discovered that photons with helical phase fronts can carry OAM, which has infinite orthogonal states. In the past two decades, the OAM-carrying beam, due to its unique features, has gained increasing interest from many different research communities, including physics, chemistry, and engineering. Its twisted phase front and intensity distribution have enabled a variety of applications, such as micromanipulation, laser beam machining, nonlinear matter interactions, imaging, sensing, quantum cryptography and classical communications. This book aims to explore novel insights of OAM beams. It focuses on state-of-the-art advances in fundamental theories, devices and applications, as well as future perspectives of OAM beams.

Novel Insights into Orbital Angular Momentum Beams: From Fundamentals, Devices to Applications

The rapid proliferation of the Internet has been driving communication networks closer and closer to their limits, while available bandwidth is disappearing due to an ever-increasing network load. Over the past decade, optical fiber communication technology has increased per fiber data rate from 10 Tb/s to exceeding 10 Pb/s. The major explosion came after the maturity of coherent detection and advanced digital signal processing (DSP). DSP has played a critical role in accommodating channel impairments mitigation, enabling advanced modulation formats for spectral efficiency transmission and realizing flexible bandwidth. This book aims to explore novel, advanced DSP techniques to enable multi-Tb/s/channel optical transmission to address pressing bandwidth and power-efficiency demands. It provides state-of-the-art advances and future perspectives of DSP as well.

Advanced DSP Techniques for High-Capacity and Energy-Efficient Optical Fiber Communications

Yang Yue

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