F. F. Bruce

Winner of two 1990 Christianity Today Awards: Readers' Choice (1st place; theology & doctrine) and Critics' Choice (1st place; theology & doctrine). A 1989 ECPA Gold Medallion Award winner! How did the books of the Bible come to be recognized as Holy Scripture? Who decided what shape the canon should take? What criteria influenced these decisions? After nearly nineteen centuries the canon of Scripture still remains an issue of debate. Protestants, Catholics and the Orthodox all have slightly differing collections of documents in their Bibles. Martin Luther, one of the early leaders of the Reformation, questioned the inclusion of the book of James in the canon. And many Christians today, while confessing the authority of all of Scripture, tend to rely on only a few books and particular themes while ignoring the rest. Scholars have raised many other questions as well. Research into second-century Gnostic texts have led some to argue that politics played a significant role in the formation of the Christian canon. Assessing the influence of ancient communities and a variety of disputes on the final shaping of the canon call for ongoing study. In this significant historical study, F. F. Bruce brings the wisdom of a lifetime of reflection and biblical interpretation to bear in answering the questions and clearing away the confusion surrounding the Christian canon of Scripture. Adept in both Old and New Testament studies, he brings a rare comprehensive perspective to his task. Though some issues have shifted since the original publication of this book, it still remains a significant landmark and touchstone for further studies.

The Canon of Scripture

F. F. Bruce shares the riches of a lifetime of Pauline studies in this commentary on Paul's letter to his beloved church at Philippi. Bruce's practical and theological exposition, helpfully based on the NIV, steers readers to better appreciate the contemporary relevance of Paul's wisdom and confidence in the all-sufficiency of the Gospel, and to share in Paul's joy of knowing Christ. This is a valuable commentary. . . . I find [F. F. Bruce s] exposition and exegetical/philological judgements and comments very competent and insightful. He is very fair and gives the opinion of others in detail while he justifies his own judgements with good argumentation. " P. M. Meagher, Institute of Religious Studies

Philippians

Like his original hearers many people today find Jesus' sayings hard. Some sayings are hard because they are difficult to understand, others because the demands they make on us are only too clear. F. F. Bruce examines seventy of the hard sayings of Jesus to clear away the cultural and historical difficulties which keep us from grappling with the real challenge of Jesus' message. Evident in each chapter is Bruce's keen evangelical scholarship and pastoral insight.

Hard Sayings of Jesus

Written by one of the best known and most respected evangelical biblical scholars of all time, "Paul" explores the primary themes in Paul's thought as they developed in the historical context of his life and travels.

Apostle of the Heart Set Free

Paul

Because Christianity claims to be a historical revelation, says Bruce, the quesion of the reliability of the documents on which it was founded is a crucial one. Here he presents the most convincing evidence for the historical trustworthiness of the canon of the New Testament.

Are They Reliable?

The New Testament Documents

No contemporary evangelical scholar is better equipped than England’s F. F. Bruce to refute the proposition, advanced by liberal higher critics, that the theology of Paul represented a departure from that of Jesus. The Rylands Professor of Biblical Criticism and Exegesis at the University of Manchester admits differences in form between the messages of Jesus and Paul, crediting the dissimilarities to different perspectives. But, after Bruce delineates Paul’s gospel (distinguishing between those elements Paul received from God directly and those received from Christian tradition), he demonstrates that the ways of salvation to which Paul and Jesus pointed were identical in essence. Especially when discussing ethical matters, Paul was frequently dependent on Christ’s very words. Bruce concludes by tying Paul’s concept of the Lordship of Jesus to both Old Testament “wisdom” and the earliest Christian confessions.

Paul and Jesus

Discusses the background of the Book of Acts and includes a detailed exposition and notes on the text.

The Book of Acts

Ronald F. Youngblood

R. K. Harrison

Nelson's Student Bible Dictionary presents nearly 2,000 definitions of Bible words representing the best in biblical scholarship, in a convenient and colorful design. A portable and engaging sourcebook of biblical information that is accurate, thorough, dependable, and easy to understand. Entries covering the essential people, places, things, events, and doctrines of the Bible make it the perfect Bible dictionary for students of all ages. Photographs, illustrations, charts, maps, and topical entries make Bible study fun. Features include: Alphabetically arranged articles and definitions with visual guides to the Bible and references to similar entries. Relevant verse references in each entry. Full-color photographs, tables, charts, maps, and diagrams that illustrate Bible teachings and life in Bible times. Full Bible history chart for visual learners. Easy-to-use study and teaching outlines for every book of the Bible. Key words in each article based on the New King James Version of the Bible, with variant names from five additional translations fully cross-referenced. Nelson's Student Bible Dictionary is perfect for Bible students, Sunday School teachers, and ministers wanting a handy reference resource; as well as those looking for a great gift to celebrate a graduation, birthday, or other milestone event. NOTE: Quotations are from the NKJV, but the dictionary includes references from five additional translations—the King James Version (KJV), the New American Standard Bible (NASB), the Revised English Bible (REB), the New International Version (NIV), and the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV). It can be used with any modern English translation of the Bible.

A Complete Guide to Understanding the World of the Bible

Nelson's Student Bible Dictionary

This is that which was spoken by the prophet. As the Apostle Peter spoke these words on the day of Pentecost, he began not only the first public proclamation of the gospel, but also a controversy which has occupied Christians to the present. While many scholars study the Old Testament in light of its fulfillment in the New Testament, others deny the possibility of any continuity between the two.F. F. Bruce holds the former view, although he is careful to avoid going too far in finding countless New Testament events foretold in the Old. Rather, it is his purpose here to examine a few of the major themes, motifs, and images which are used as vehicles of revelation in the Old Testament and consider how the New Testament writers continue to use them to present the perfected revelation of Christ. He has selected in particular those which relate to the rule of God, the salvation of God, the people of God, and the servant of God.

New Testament Development of Old Testament Themes

F.F. Bruce's study on the Epistle to the Hebrews is a contribution to The New International Commentary on the New Testament. Prepared by some of the world's leading scholars, the series provides an exposition of the New Testament books that is thorough and fully abreast of modern scholarship yet faithful to the Scriptures as the infallible Word of God.

The Epistle to the Hebrews

The Pauline Circle Paul, writes F.F. Bruce, attracted friends around him as a magnet attracts iron filings. The New Testament evidence for Paul's wide circle of friends is plentiful, both in Paul's own writings and in the Book of Acts. In this book, Bruce, who is widely known as one of today's foremost Pauline scholars, looks at several of Paul's closest friends and associates as well as several of the countless co-workers, hosts, and hostesses he encountered in his life and ministry. Barnabas, Silas, Timothy, Luke, Priscilla and Aquila, Onesimus, and Mark are among those discussed in terms of both their relationship to Paul and their relationship to the early church. Bruce surveys the biblical evidence for the stories of these people, placing it against its first-century background, and examining the relationships that underlie the New Testament references. The result, written in Bruce's usual engaging and accessible style, is a fascinating look at the men and women who surrounded Paul and influenced the New Testament church.

The Pauline Circle

F.F. Bruce's study on the Epistle to the Galations is a contribution to The New International Greek Testament Commentary, a series based on the UBS Greek New Testament, which strives to provide thorough exegesis of the text that is sensitive to theological themes as well as to the details of historical, linguistic, and textual context.

The Epistle to the Galatians

This popular verse-by-verse exposition of John, based on Bruce's own translation of the Gospel, reflects Bruce's customary ability to make the benefits of his scholarship accesible to the general reader. Footnotes and bibliography are included, pointing the reader to resources for further study.

Introduction, Exposition, Notes

The Gospel of John

Peter H. Davids

Walter C. Kaiser, Jr.

Manfred Brauch

Replaces Hard Sayings of the Old Testament, which received a 1990 Christianity Today Critics' Choice Award! Are you grappling with a difficult verse in the Bible? And are you looking for a short, easy-to-read answer that really makes sense without explaining away the verse? Hard Sayings of the Bible is the handy reference book you need. Here you will find explanations of over 500 of the most troubling verses to test the minds and hearts of Bible readers. Four seasoned scholars, all with a notable gift for communicating with people in the pew, take you behind the scenes to find succinct solutions to a wide variety of Bible difficulties, ranging from discrepancies about numbers to questions about God's justice. Historical, cultural and linguistic backgrounds shed light on these passages and not only help explain what they meant in biblical times but also show how they are relevant today. Now carefully cross-referenced with over 100 new verses explained, as well as a dozen new introductory articles on chronology, miracles, archaeology, prophecy and more, Hard Sayings of the Bible offers the combined resources of five previous volumes that have over 250,000 copies in print. If you find yourself tied up in scriptural knots, here's the book that will help you cut through them.

Hard Sayings of the Bible

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Are you grappling with a difficult verse in the Bible? And are you looking for a short, easy-to-read answer that really makes sense without explaining away the verse? Hard Sayings of the Bible is the handy reference book you need. Here you will find explanations of over five hundred of the most troubling verses to test the minds and hearts of Bible readers. Four seasoned scholars, all with a notable gift for communicating with people in the pew, take you behind the scenes to find succinct solutions to a wide variety of Bible difficulties, ranging from discrepancies about numbers to questions about God's justice. Historical, cultural and linguistic backgrounds shed light on these passages and not only help explain what they meant in biblical times but also show how they are relevant today. Now carefully cross-referenced with over one hundred new verses explained, as well as a dozen new introductory articles on chronology, miracles, archaeology, prophecy and more, Hard Sayings of the Bible offers the combined resources of five previous volumes that have over 250,000 copies in print. If you find yourself tied up in scriptural knots, here's the book that will help you cut through them.

"“. . . undertaken to provide earnest students of the New Testament with an exposition that is thorough and abreast of modern scholarship and at the same time loyal to the Scriptures as the infallible Word of God.”"This statement reflects the underlying purpose of The New International Commentary on the New Testament. Begun in the late 1940s by an international team of New Testament scholars, the NICNT series has become recognized by pastors, students, and scholars alike as a critical yet orthodox commentary marked by solid biblical scholarship within the evangelical Protestant tradition. While based on a thorough study of the Greek text, the commentary introductions and expositions contain a minimum of Greek references. The NICNT authors evaluate significant textual problems and take into account the most important exegetical literature. More technical aspects — such as grammatical, textual, and historical problems — are dealt with in footnotes, special notes, and appendixes. Under the general editorship of three outstanding New Testament scholars — first Ned Stonehouse (Westminster Theological Seminary, Philadelphia), then F. F. Bruce (University of Manchester, England), and now Gordon D. Fee (Regent College, Vancouver, British Columbia) — the NICNT series has continued to develop over the years. In order to keep the commentary “new” and conversant with contemporary scholarship, the NICNT volumes have been — and will be — revised or replaced as necessary. The newer NICNT volumes in particular take into account the role of recent rhetorical and sociological inquiry in elucidating the meaning of the text, and they also exhibit concern for the theology and application of the text. As the NICNT series is ever brought up to date, it will continue to find ongoing usefulness as an established guide to the New Testament text.

This commentary takes the award-winning New International Bible Commentary to the next level with a wealth of full-color images; sidebars filled with information, real-life applications, and quotes from historical figures; expanded bibliographies; and Today s New International Version translation."

F. F. Bruce

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