Frances Stewart

Being Extracts from the Correspondence of the Late Frances Stewart

Our Forest Home

The oil crisis of the 1970s and the recession of the 1980s set in motion a chain of events which had particularly serious consequences for the developing countries. In this text, the author examines the major causes and results of the situation, focusing mainly on Africa and Latin America.

Options and Choices

Adjustment and Poverty

E. Wayne Nafziger

Raimo Väyrynen

Since the end of the cold war, the number of civil wars in developing countries has escalated to the point where they are the most significant source of human suffering in the world today. Although there are many political analyses of these emergencies, this two-volume work is the first comprehensive study of the economic, social, and political roots of humanitarian emergencies, identifying early measures to prevent such disasters. Nafziger, Stewart, and V--auml--;yrynen draw on a wide range of specialists on the political economy of war and on major conflicts to show the causes of conflict. The first volume provides a general overview of the nature and causes of the emergencies, including economic, political, and environmental factors. The second volume provides detailed case studies of thirteen conflicts (including Rwanda, Burundi, the Congo, Afghanistan, and the Caucasus) that originated in the weakness of the state or where economic factors predominate. The volumes emphasize the significance of protracted economic stagnation and decline, high and increasing inequality, government exclusion of distinct social groups, state failure and predatory rule. They debunk beliefs recurrent in the literature that emergencies are the result of deteriorating environmental conditions, structural adjustment, and deep-seated ethnic animosity. By analysing the causes and prevention of war and humanitarian emergencies in developing countries, this work outlines a less costly alternative to the present strategy of the world community of spending millions of dollars annually to provide mediation, relief, and rehabilitation after the conflict occurs.

War, Hunger, and Displacement:

John Lonsdale

Hiroyuki Hino

Gustav Ranis

There is growing consensus in the development economics literature that ethnic diversity is a very significant factor in explaining Africa's poor economic performance. Ethnic Diversity and Economic Instability in Africa challenges this conventional wisdom. Drawing on the insights of historians, anthropologists and political scientists as well as development economists, this book questions whether ethnicity is the most useful organising principle by which to examine the economic development of Africa, arguing that it is a more fluid and contingent concept than economic models allow. Instead, the authors explore the actual experience of ethnicity in Africa and propose new methods of measuring ethnic diversity and inequalities. Finally some tentative conclusions are reached regarding appropriate policy reforms.

Interdisciplinary Perspectives

Ethnic Diversity and Economic Instability in Africa

The last decade has brought sharp adjustment and rising poverty for most of the developing world. Adjustment and Poverty: Options and Choices examines the major causes and results of this situation, including: *the relationship between structural adjustment and poverty; *the extent to which the situation was brought about by internal and/or external policies; *the impact of the IMF and World Bank on adjusting countries; *government tax and spending policies - with a particular focus on social sector spending; *the possiblity of better policies in the future.

Albert Berry

Roy Culpeper

The international economic order created at Bretton Woods in 1944 was not crafted with the developing countries principally in mind. Moreover, the nature of the world community has changed profoundly in the last half-century. The problems and opportunities of developing countries have moved to centre stage in today's global economy. The 16 contributors to this volume examine ways in which the international economic system could be reformed in order better to meet the needs and aspirations of the developing world in the coming decades.

Global Development Fifty Years after Bretton Woods

Nobody's Boy from Caneela

Frances Stewart arrived in Upper Canada from Ireland in 1822 with her husband, three children, and two servants. The family settled in Douro Township on the bank of the Otonabee River in 1823. Spanning three-quarters of a century, her letters represent the immigrant experience of one of the first pioneer women in the Peterborough, Ontario, area. Included are transcripts of the extant collection. They chronicle the three stages of Frances's life: the years of her childhood in Ireland to her departure for North America; her voyage across the Atlantic and her life in Upper Canada to the time of her husband's death in 1847; and the period of widowhood until her death in 1872. The chapter summaries, annotations, and key passages extracted from letters written by others further the story of Frances's nineteenth-century immigrant life. Advance Praise for Revisiting ?Our Forest Home” ?Presenting the perspective of a cultivated immigrant who refrained from publication, Frances Stewart's articulate letters to her family and friends nicely complement the narratives of her Peterborough neighbours, Susanna Moodie and Catharine Parr Traill. Jodi Aoki's intelligent approach to the editorial complexities of the Stewart archive has given us a reliable and welcome volume that makes an important contribution to our understanding of women's lives on the Upper-Canadian frontier.” ? Carole Gerson, University Professor, English Department, Simon Fraser University ?Revisiting ?Our Forest Home” is a welcome addition to the scholarly record of nineteenth-century writing and letters by immigrant gentlewomen to Upper Canada. To have this well-edited and thoughtful record of Stewart's struggles available is a boon to scholars, old and new. With precision and tenderness, Jodi Aoki brings forward these important and culturally revealing letters. In her hands, the original Our Forest Home, initially a project meant only for family members, becomes a valuable and much fuller record of social and family life in early Ontario.” ? Michael Peterman, Professor Emeritus, Trent University, FRSC

The Immigrant Letters of Frances Stewart

Revisiting "Our Forest Home"

Arnim Langer

Offers an insightful yet readable study of the paths - and challenges - to social cohesion in Africa, by experienced historians, economists and political scientists.

Frances Stewart

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