John W. O'Malley

Trent, the Catholic Church’s attempt to put its house in order after the Reformation, has long been praised and blamed for things it never did. This one-volume history, the first in modern times, explores the volatile issues that pushed several Holy Roman emperors, kings and queens of France, five popes, and all of Europe to the brink of disaster.

What Happened at the Council

Trent

The enduring influence of the Catholic Church has many sources—its spiritual and intellectual appeal, missionary achievements, wealth, diplomatic effectiveness, and stable hierarchy. But in the first half of the nineteenth century, the foundations upon which the church had rested for centuries were shaken. In the eyes of many thoughtful people, liberalism in the guise of liberty, equality, and fraternity was the quintessence of the evils that shook those foundations. At the Vatican Council of 1869–1870, the church made a dramatic effort to set things right by defining the doctrine of papal infallibility. In Vatican I: The Council and the Making of the Ultramontane Church, John W. O’Malley draws us into the bitter controversies over papal infallibility that at one point seemed destined to rend the church in two. Archbishop Henry Manning was the principal driving force for the definition, and Lord Acton was his brilliant counterpart on the other side. But they shrink in significance alongside Pope Pius IX, whose zeal for the definition was so notable that it raised questions about the very legitimacy of the council. Entering the fray were politicians such as Gladstone and Bismarck. The growing tension in the council played out within the larger drama of the seizure of the Papal States by Italian forces and its seemingly inevitable consequence, the conquest of Rome itself. Largely as a result of the council and its aftermath, the Catholic Church became more pope-centered than ever before. In the terminology of the period, it became ultramontane.

The Council and the Making of the Ultramontane Church

Vatican I

Counter Reformation, Catholic Reformation, the Baroque Age, the Tridentine Age, the Confessional Age: why does Catholicism in the early modern era go by so many names? And what political situations, what religious and cultural prejudices in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries gave rise to this confusion? Taking up these questions, John O'Malley works out a remarkable guide to the intellectual and historical developments behind the concepts of Catholic reform, the Counter Reformation, and, in his felicitous term, Early Modern Catholicism. The result is the single best overview of scholarship on Catholicism in early modern Europe, delivered in a pithy, lucid, and entertaining style. Although its subject is fundamental to virtually all other issues relating to sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Europe, there is no other book like this in any language. More than a historiographical review, Trent and All That makes a compelling case for subsuming the present confusion of terminology under the concept of Early Modern Catholicism. The term indicates clearly what this book so eloquently demonstrates: that Early Modern Catholicism was an aspect of early modern history, which it strongly influenced and by which it was itself in large measure determined. As a reviewer commented, O'Malley's discussion of terminology opens up a different way of conceiving of the whole history of Catholicism between the Reformation and the French Revolution.

Renaming Catholicism in the Early Modern Era

Trent and All That

Gauvin A. Bailey

Giovanni Sale

The Jesuits and the Arts, 1540-1773

The so-called Counter- or Catholic Reformation has traditionally been viewed as a monolith, but these essays decisively challenge this interpretation, emphasizing the variety, vitality, and complexity of Catholicism in the early modern era.

Essays in Honour of John W. O'Malley, S.J.

Early Modern Catholicism

This volume contains fifteen studies by John O'Malley that press forward the trajectory he launched with The First Jesuits (1993). The chapters deal, for instance, with the historigraphy of the Society of Jesus, the Jesuits' cultural commitments, the character of Ignatius of Loyola and of Jesuit education.

Studies in Jesuit History

Saints or Devils Incarnate?

Steven J. Harris

T. Frank Kennedy

Gauvin Alexander Bailey

An astounding history of the accomplishments of the Society of Jesus, from painting and poetry to cartography and physics, from Europe to New France to China.

Cultures, Sciences, and the Arts, 1540-1773

The Jesuits

Le concile Vatican II est sans conteste un événement religieux majeur du XXe siècle. Il a profondément transformé l'Eglise catholique, dans son rapport au monde comme dans la compréhension qu'elle a d'elle-même. John O'Malley nous en retrace le déroulement, en le situant dans son contexte historique et théologique. Depuis l'annonce par Jean XXIII de la tenue d'un concile, le 25 janvier 1959, jusqu'à la célébration de clôture, le 8 décembre 1965, il nous fait revivre pas à pas les grands débats conciliaires, le travail des commissions et les relations parfois difficiles entre le pape et l'assemblée des évêques. Il met particulièrement bien en évidence les différents "courants" qui s'y sont affrontés, en évitant toute caricature et en dépassant la lecture simpliste d'une opposition entre progressistes et conservateurs. A l'occasion du cinquantième anniversaire de l'ouverture du Concile, ce parcours passionnant et tout en nuances permet de mieux comprendre les débats qui habitent encore l'Eglise aujourd'hui.

L'événement Vatican II

Philippe Levillain

For a full list of entries and contributors, a generous selection of sample entries, and more, visit the Papacy: An Encyclopedia website. Routledge is pleased to publish this acclaimed resource in a revised, expanded, and updated English language edition, translated by a team of experts in papal history. This comprehensive three-volume reference not only covers all of the popes (and anti-popes) from St. Peter to John Paul II, but also explores the papacy as an institution. Articles cover the inner workings--both contemporary and historical--of the Holy See, and encompass religious orders, papal encyclicals, historical events, papal controversies, the arts, and more. This set is destined to be the standard English-language reference for all issues concerning the papacy. Also inlcludes five maps.

The Papacy: Gaius-Proxies

I primi gesuiti

Accompanying DVD includes the opera Patientis Christi memoria by Johann Bernhard Staudt, performed in the chapel of St. Mary's Hall, Boston College.

The Jesuits II

Recent years have seen scholars in a wide range of disciplines re-evaluate the history of the Society of Jesus. In 1997, a group of scholars convened a major international conference to discuss the world of the Jesuits between 1540 and 1773 (the year of its suppression by papal edict). This meeting led to the creation of the first volume in this series, The Jesuits, which examined the worldwide Jesuit undertaking in such fields as music, art, architecture, devotional writing, mathematics, physics, astronomy, natural history, public performance, and education, with special attention to the Jesuits' interaction with non-European cultures. This second volume, following a second conference in 2002, continues in a similar path as its predecessor, complementing the regional coverage with contributions on the Flemish and Iberian provinces, on the missions in Japan, and in post-Suppression Russia and the United States. The performing arts, like theatre and music, are broadly treated, and, in addition to continued attention to painting and architecture, the volume contains essays on a range of objets d'art, including statuary, reliquaries, and alter pieces - as well as on gardens, mechanical clocks, and related automata. Other themes include finances, natural theology, censorship within the Jesuit order, and the Society's relationship to women. Perhaps most important, the volume gives particular attention to the eighteenth century, the 'age of disasters' for the Jesuits - the negative papal ruling on Chinese Rites, the destruction the of Paraguay Reductions, and the suppressions of the order that began in Portugal and that culminated in the general Suppression of 1773. With contributions from distinguished scholars from a dozen different countries, The Jesuits, II continues in the illustrious tradition of its predecessor to make an important contribution to religious memory.

Edgar Wind

Former Professor of the History of Art Edgar Wind

gar Wind

Elizabeth Sears

Edgar Wind (1900-1971), German-born art historian, cultural historian, and philosopher, emerges as one of the most brilliant thinkers of his remarkable generation. A student of Panofsky and Cassirer in Hamburg, he was profoundly influenced by the thought of C. S. Peirce and, more especially,Aby Warburg, whom he came to know in the two years before Warburg's death in 1929. Teaching in England and the United States, Wind would do much to promote an interpretive art history crossing disciplinary boundaries. This richly illustrated volume collects Wind's published articles and his extensive unpublished writings on Michelangelo, the latter never before available. His interpretation of the Sistine Ceiling as a typological programme, its Old Testament scenes adumbrating New Testament events, stands as aclassic demonstration of the complex relationships possible between art and ideas. The volume opens with an introduction to Wind's art-historical work by Elizabeth Sears and a survey of recent accomplishments in the field of Renaissance theology by John W. O'Malley, Professor of Church History,Weston Jesuit School of Theology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

The Sistine Ceiling

The Religious Symbolism of Michelangelo

Chronicles the history of the papacy, describing its role in global politics and the Catholic Church throughout the centuries, the strengths and flaws of each pope, and how societal changes have impacted the institution.

From Peter to the Present

A History of the Popes

Chronicles the history of the Jesuit order from the time of Ignatius of Loyola to the present Pope Francis.

A History from Ignatius to the Present

"An arrestingly new picture of the early Jesuits and the world in which they lived. ...." [from back cover]

The First Jesuits

In recent years scholars in a range of disciplines have begun to re-evaluate the history of the Society of Jesus. Approaching the subject with new questions and methods, they have reconsidered the importance of the Society in many sectors, including those related to the sciences and the arts. They have also looked at the Jesuits as emblematic of certain traits of early modern Europeans, especially as those Europeans interacted with 'the Other' in Asia and the Americas. Originating in an international conference held at Boston College in 1997, the thirty-five essays here reflect this new historiographical trend. Focusing on the Old Society- the Society before its suppression in 1773 by papal edict- they examine the worldwide Jesuit undertaking in such fields as music, art, architecture, devotional writing, mathematics, physics, astronomy, natural history, public performance, and education, and they give special attention to the Jesuits' interaction with non-European cultures, in North and South America, China, India, and the Philippines. A picture emerges not only of the individual Jesuit, who might be missionary, diplomat, architect, and playwright over the course of his life in the Society, but also of the immense and many-faceted Jesuit enterprise as forming a kind of 'cultural ecosystem'. The Jesuits of the Old Society liked to think they had a way of proceeding special to themselves. The question, Was there a Jesuit style, a Jesuit corporate culture? is the thread that runs through this interdisciplinary collection of studies.

This unprecedented comparison of the three most recent Catholic councils traverses more than 450 years and examines the church’s most pressing and consistent concerns—issues of purpose, power, and relevance. John O’Malley addresses key questions councils raised. Who was in charge of the church? And what difference did the councils make?

An Essay Comparing Trent, Vatican I, and Vatican II

When Bishops Meet

As Pope Francis continues to make his mark on the church, there is increased interest in his Jesuit background—what is the Society of Jesus, how is it different from other religious orders, and how has it shaped the world? In The Jesuits, acclaimed historian John W. O’Malley, SJ, provides essential historical background from the founder Ignatius of Loyola through the present. The book tells the story of the Jesuits’ great successes as missionaries, educators, scientists, cartographers, polemicists, theologians, poets, patrons of the arts, and confessors to kings. It tells the story of their failures and of the calamity that struck them in 1773 when Pope Clement XIV suppressed them worldwide. It tells how a subsequent pope restored them to life and how they have fared to this day in virtually every country in the world. Along the way it introduces readers to key figures in Jesuit history, such as Matteo Ricci and Pedro Arrupe, and important Jesuit writings, such as the Spiritual Exercises. Concise and compelling, The Jesuits is an accessible introduction for anyone interested in world or church history. In addition to the narrative, the book provides a timeline, a list of significant figures, photos of important figures and locations, recommendations for additional reading, and more.

John W. O’Malley gives us the most comprehensive account ever written of the Society of Jesus in its founding years, one that heightens and transforms our understanding of the Jesuits in history and today. Following the Society from 1540 through 1565, O’Malley shows how this sense of mission evolved. He looks at everything—the Jesuits’ teaching, their preaching, their casuistry, their work with orphans and prostitutes, their attitudes toward Jews and “New Christians,” and their relationship to the Reformation. All are taken in by the sweep of O’Malley’s story as he details the Society’s manifold activities in Europe, Brazil, and India.

John W. O'Malley

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