Malcolm Schofield

This book offers an innovative analytic account of Cicero's treatment of key political ideas: liberty and equality, government, law, cosmopolitanism and imperialism, republican virtues, and ethical decision-making in politics. Cicero (106-43 BC) is well known as a major player in the turbulent politics of the last three decades of the Roman Republic. But he was a political thinker, too, influential for many centuries in the Western intellectual and cultural tradition. His theoretical writings stand as the first surviving attempt to articulate a philosophical rationale for republicanism. They were not written in isolation either from the stances he took in his political actions and political oratory of the period, or from his discussions of immediate political issues or questions of character or behaviour in his voluminous correspondence with friends and acquaintances. In this book, Malcolm Schofield situates the intimate interrelationships between Cicero's writings in all these modes within the historical context of a fracturing Roman political order. It exhibits the continuing attractions of Cicero's scheme of republican values, as well as some of its limitations as a response to the crisis that was engulfing Rome.

Political Philosophy

Cicero

Jonathan Barnes

Professor of Ancient Philosophy Jonathan Barnes

Keimpe Algra

Jaap Mansfeld

A full account of the philosophy of the Greek and Roman worlds from the last days of Aristotle (c. 320 BC) until 100 BC. Hellenistic philosophy, for long relatively neglected and unappreciated, has over the last decade been the object of a considerable amount of scholarly attention. The time has come for a general reference work which pulls the subject together and presents an overview. The History is organised by subject, rather than chronologically or by philosophical school, with sections on logic, epistemology, physics and metaphysics, ethics and politics. It has been written by specialists but is intended to be a source of reference for any student of ancient philosophy, for students of classical antiquity and for students of the philosophy of later periods. Greek and Latin are used sparingly and always translated in the main text.

The Cambridge History of Hellenistic Philosophy

Martha Craven Nussbaum

This systematic analysis of the Stoic school concentrates on Zeno's Republic. Using textual evidence, the author examines the Stoic ideals that initiated the natural law tradition of western political thought.

The Stoic Idea of the City

Geoffrey Stephen Kirk

John Earle Raven

Les grands courants philosophiques de monde grec et leurs personnalités marquantes, de Thalès à l'époque de Socrate. [SDM].

Malcolm Schofield

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