Michael Marmot

ILLNESS & ADDICTION: SOCIAL ASPECTS. There are dramatic differences in health between countries and within countries. But this is not a simple matter of rich and poor, for it depends on each society's particular social gradient. In all countries, people at relative social disadvantage suffer health disadvantage, dramatically so; the higher the social status of individuals, the better their health. Even within an individual life, changing social position directly affects health. The issue is clearly not poverty alone, but inequality. Going against conventional approaches to improving health--which have emphasized access to technical solutions and changes in behavior--Marmot argues persuasively and passionately that the key to reducing this health inequality is empowerment; we need to create the conditions for people to have control over their lives.

The Challenge of an Unequal World

The Health Gap

"Bold, important and masterful . . . Marmot's message is not just timely, it's urgent." -The Washington Post Book World You probably didn't realize that when you graduate from college you increase your lifespan, or that your co-worker who has a slightly better job is more likely to live a healthier life. In this groundbreaking book, epidemiologist Michael Marmot marshals evidence from nearly thirty years of research to demonstrate that status is not a footnote to the causes of ill health-it is the cause. He calls this effect the status syndrome. The status syndrome is pervasive. It determines the chances that you will succumb to heart disease, stroke, cancers, infectious diseases, even suicide and homicide. And the issue, as Marmot shows, is not simply one of income or lifestyle. It is the psychological experience of inequality-how much control you have over your life and the opportunities you have for full social participation-that has a profound effect on your health. The Status Syndrome will utterly change the way we think about health, society, and how we live our lives.

How Social Standing Affects Our Health and Longevity

The Status Syndrome

M. G. Marmot

Why do Oscar winners live for an average of four years longer than other Hollywood actors?Who experiences the most stress - the decision-makers or those who carry out their orders?Why do the Japanese have better health than other rich populations, and Keralans in India have better health than other poor populations - and what do they have in common?In this eye-opening book, internationally renowned epidemiologist Michael Marmot sets out to answer these and many other fascinating questions in order to understand the relationship between where we stand in the social hierarchy and our health and longevity. It is based on more than thirty years of front-line research between health and social circumstances. Marmot's work has taken him round the world showing the similar patterns that could be affecting the length of your life - and how you can change it.

How Your Place on the Social Gradient Directly Affects Your Health

Status Syndrome

Johannes Siegrist

Social inequalities in health remain a key public health problem. This book brings together a panel of internationally renowned experts to provide new answers to the complex reasons behind these inequalities, explaining recent scientific evidence and discussing its policy implications.

New evidence and policy implications

Social Inequalities in Health

The WHO European Region has seen remarkable health gains, though inequities persist both between and within countries. Much more is understood now about the extent and social causes of these inequities, particularly since the 2008 report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health. This review of inequities in health across the 53 Member States of the Region was commissioned to support the development of the new European policy framework for health and well-being, Health 2020. It builds on the global evidence and recommends policies to reduce health inequities and the health divide across all countries, including those with low incomes. The report is presented in four parts. Part I provides the context and background to the review, and sets out the key principles underpinning the recommendations and the rationale for grouping them into four broad themes: life-course stages, wider society, the broader macro-level context, and governance, delivery and monitoring systems. Part II summarizes current evidence on the magnitude of the health divide among European Region countries, describing the inequities in health and their social determinants. Part III focuses on the four themes, making recommendations with supporting evidence. Part IV outlines the implementation issues, summarizes the framework for action, discusses reasons for failure, provides guidance on good practice and summarizes the review's conclusions and recommendations. The review is a wake-up call to political and professional leaders alike, an opportunity for them to facilitate the work of those dedicated to improving health outcomes and narrow the health gap between and within the countries of the Region.

Final Report

Review of Social Determinants and the Health Divide in the WHO European Region

Why do Oscar winners live for an average of four years longer than other Hollywood actors? Who experiences the most stress - the decision-makers or those who carry out their orders? Why do the Japanese have better health than other rich populations, and Keralans in India have better health than other poor populations - and what do they have in common? In this eye-opening book, internationally renowned epidemiologist Michael Marmot sets out to answer these and many other fascinating questions in order to understand the relationship between where we stand in the social hierarchy and our health and longevity. It is based on more than thirty years of front-line research between health and social circumstances. Marmot's work has taken him round the world showing the similar patterns that could be affecting the length of your life - and how you can change it.

Michael Marmot

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