David Frawley

Georg Feuerstein

Subhash Kak

Arguing that India, not Sumer, was the cradle of civilization, looks at India's ancient history by examining the symbols and myths contained in the Rig-Veda and exploring the mathematical and astronomical data contained in the Vedic hymns.

New Light on Ancient India

In Search of the Cradle of Civilization

T. R. N. Rao

The material in this book presents an introduction to the Indian contributions to the science of computing. The book starts with an overview of Indian science. The next three chapters deal with the description of binary numbers, the Katapayadi notation and its equivalence to hashing that is used in computer systems, and the Panini-Backus form to describe a high-level computer language based on the ideas of the great grammarian Panini. The next two chapters describe some technical aspects of Panini's grammar and Indian logic. The Paninian structure (5th century BCE) has been shown to be equivalent to the Turing machine. The rise of mathematical logic in India took place centuries before its rediscovery in Europe. The next chapter shows how one needs ingenuity in decoding Indian texts. It is shown that Indian myths represent information regarding the motions of the planets. The last two chapters deal with cosmology and cognitive science.

Computation in Ancient India

The book shows that the ancient Indians were no primitives but possessed a high spiritual culture, which not only influenced the evolution of the Western world in decisive ways but which still has much to teach us today. India`s archaic spirituality is codified in the rich symbols, metaphors, and myths of the magnificent Rig-Veda, which is shown to be much older than has been widely assumed by scholars. The present book also unravels the astonishing mathematical and astronomical code hidden in the Vedic hymns. Anyone interested in ancient cultural history, India, archaeo-astronomy, or spirituality will find this well-researched and cross-cultural work spellbinding and enriching.

The Search of the Cradle of Civilization

Thammavarapu R. N. Rao

Description: Not only the sign for zero, but also the binary number system, the ideas of metarules, algebraic transformation, recursion, hashing, mathematical logic, formal grammars, and high level language description arose first in India. Indian mathematical science had already reached dizzying heights about 2,500 years ago by the time of Panini and Pingala, considered by tradition to have been brothers. Panini's grammar for Sanskrit, which is equivalent in its computing power to the most powerful computing machine, has not yet been matched for any other language, while Pingala described the binary number system. This classic book of contributions by the leading scholars in the world presents an overview of these seminal contributions to computer science. It also includes chapters on models and computation in astronomy and cognitive science.

Computing Science in Ancient India

The Wishing Tree provides an in-depth overview of the revolutionary changes that have occurred during the past two decades in Indian studies and, as a result, helps provide a deeper understanding of the Indian civilization.The West has often perceived India as the land of magic and mystery, yet there are aspects of Indian traditions that speak straight to its heart. Subhash Kak, a professor at Oklahoma State University and well-respected lecturer, presents the results of his intensive research on a multitude of subjects related to both Indian and Western culture, and provides a positive and introspective look into India's amazing history and civilization. Kak addresses many controversial issues, which are commonly debated only by academics, about India's contribution to world civilization, its antiquity, and the relevance of its culture for the world's future. Using recent archeological findings and new analysis of ancient texts, Kak lays the groundwork for questioning both long-held beliefs and the research of scholars from past generations.The Wishing Tree uncovers the story of India's ancient origins, its presence through its influence on other cultures, and most importantly, its promise for the future.This edition has been made possible by the Arise Arjuna Foundation.

Presence and Promise of India

The Wishing Tree

The Astronomical Code of the R̥gveda

For decades, schoolbooks have taught that Sumer was the cradle of civilization. Conventional scholarship has also held that Aryan civilization came to India by way of invasions from the north. But in this ground-breaking book, three renowned scholars show that there was no "Aryan invasion," and that India, not Sumer, was the cradle of civilized humanity. Through exploring the rich symbols, metaphors, and myths of the Vedas, this book also examines the wealth of India's spirituality and its relevance for today's world.

Subhash Kak

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