Landscape architecture manifestos: Constructivist, Apocalyptic and Optimistic

Landscape architects should be optimistic for the 21st century. With post-Modern and post-Postmodern design methods, we can attain a leading role in the environmental, design and planning professions. This short eBook began with an article for Landscape Architecture Magazine LAM. Bafflingly, it was rejected for being 'rather dated'. The editors obviously know more than we do about their readers' interests. So we regret the US landscape profession's lack of interest in design theory. Understood understood as 'a set of principles for undertaking a task', we believe that design theory lies, or should lie, at the heart of the landscape architecture profession. The Wikipedia article on post-Postmodernism (in 2015) notes that: In 1995, the landscape architect and urban planner Tom Turner issued a book-length call for a post-postmodern turn in urban planning. Turner criticizes the postmodern credo of “anything goes” and suggests that “the built environment professions are witnessing the gradual dawn of a post-Postmodernism that seeks to temper reason with faith.” The book was City as landscape and the design approach has developed since then and is now illustrated with examples from the authors of this eBook.